本文对贵州省六个主要土类有代表性的典型土壤６８个剖面，２０４个土样中的稀土元素含量及分布进行研究，结果表明：贵州省典型土壤中稀土元素总量（２６４．４４μｇ／ｇ）高于全国土壤平均含量（１９５．７μｇ／ｇ）；各土类稀土元素的丰度都遵守Ｏｄｄｏ－Ｈａｒｋｉｎｓ法则，Ｃｅ元素富集明显。贵州典型土壤中轻稀土元素含量（１９９．０１μｇ／ｇ）亦高于全国土壤，属典型的轻稀土土壤类型；石灰土中稀土各元素含量大于其它土类。同时该文还探讨了影响土壤稀土含量的主要因素。 In this paper, the content and distribution of rare earth elements in 68 sections and 204 soil samples from six typical soil types in Guizhou Province were studied. The results showed that the total amount of rare earth elements (264.44μg / g) is higher than the national soil average content (195.7μg / g). The abundances of all the rare earth elements in soil conform to the Oddo-Harkins law, and the enrichment of Ce is obvious. The light rare earth element (199.01 μg / g) in typical soils of Guizhou is also higher than that of the whole country, which belongs to typical light rare earth soil types. The content of rare earth elements in lime soil is larger than other soil types. At the same time, the paper also discusses the main factors affecting soil rare earth content.