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近年来,农户种植粮食作物时不断增加氮肥施用量的现象越来越普遍,导致氮肥施用过量,不仅造成土壤和水源的面源性污染,还造成氧化亚氮(N2O)这一农业源温室气体的排放增加。以辽西玉米主产区的阜新蒙古族自治县农户为调查对象,经过对样本农户施肥行为的分析得出,该地区玉米种植户普遍存在氮肥施用过量问题,而作为玉米种植农户氮肥减量化意愿程度成为促进农户减少氮肥施用量的主要动因,也间接成为农户农田减排意愿的一部分。计量分析表明,影响农户氮肥减量化意愿的因素主要包括农户对自家氮肥是否施用过量的认知、是否参加过测土配方施肥培训、是否采用测土配方施肥技术,以及农户的受教育水平。
In recent years, increasing use of nitrogen fertilizers by farmers in growing food crops has become more common, resulting in over-application of nitrogen fertilizers, which not only cause non-point pollution of soil and water sources, but also cause N2O, an agricultural source of greenhouse gases Increase in emissions. Taking Fuxin Mongolian Autonomous County as the main corn producing area in western Liaoning as the research object, after analyzing the fertilization behavior of the sample farmers, it is concluded that there is widespread overuse of nitrogen fertilizer in maize farmers in this area. However, Become the main motivation to promote farmers to reduce the amount of nitrogen fertilizer, but also indirectly become part of farmers’ willingness to farmland emission reduction. The results of econometric analysis show that the main factors influencing farmers’ willingness to reduce nitrogen fertilizer are: whether farmers know their own nitrogenous fertilizer excessive use, whether they have participated in soil testing and fertilization training, whether soil testing and fertilization technology has been used, and the level of education of farmers.