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目的了解株洲市1~15岁儿童抗-HBs水平,评价儿童乙肝疫苗预防接种效果。方法用单纯随机抽样方法抽取1~15岁儿童288人,调查既往乙肝疫苗免疫史,每人抽静脉血检测乙肝抗-HBs。分析各年龄段乙肝免疫史与抗体滴度均数、抗-HBs阳性率的关系。结果 288名1~15岁儿童乙肝抗-HBs阳性率为74.31%,有免疫史人群抗-HBs阳性率明显高于无免疫史人群(P<0.01);1~岁、6~15岁年龄组抗-HBs阳性率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),抗体滴度均数差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);1~15岁儿童乙肝全程接种率为87.15%,其中1~岁为87.22%,6~15岁为87.04%。结论株洲市1~15岁儿童乙肝全程接种率高,儿童乙肝保护性抗体(抗-HBs)亦处于较高水平,但应在进一步提高乙肝疫苗接种率和首针及时接种率同时,探索适合低/无应答人群的免疫策略,以提高人群免疫水平。
Objective To understand the level of anti-HBs in children aged 1-15 years in Zhuzhou City and evaluate the effect of hepatitis B vaccination in children. Methods A total of 288 children aged 1-15 years were enrolled in this study. The past history of hepatitis B vaccine immunization was investigated. Each patient was given venous blood for detection of anti-HBs. The relationship between history of hepatitis B immunization and antibody titers and anti-HBs positive rate in each age group was analyzed. Results The positive rate of anti-HBs in 288 children aged 1-15 years was 74.31%. The positive rate of anti-HBs in the immunized group was significantly higher than that in the non-immune history group (P <0.01) The positive rate of anti-HBs was statistically significant (P <0.05), but there was no significant difference in antibody titers between two groups (P> 0.05). The overall vaccination rate of hepatitis B in children aged 1-15 years was 87.15% 87.22%, 87.04% from 6 to 15 years old. Conclusion Hepatitis B vaccination rate is high among children aged 1-15 years old in Zhuzhou City, and HBeAg antibody (anti-HBs) in children is also at a high level. However, the vaccination rate and the first inoculation rate of hepatitis B vaccine should be further improved at the same time. / No response to the population immunization strategies to improve the level of population immunity.