晚宋文坛呈现出“各家喧腾、大家缺席”的局面,成为文学史上一段徘徊犹豫、又具有沉淀和反思性质的特殊时期,其文学成就虽不高,但特点鲜明。晚宋文坛新动向的出现,与当时国家政事、国家格局和国家学术所引起的文人心态、文士分布和文道互动有着密切的关系。这些外部因素与文学自身的发展规律一道,促成了晚宋文坛总体的分化与革新。 The literary world in the late Song Dynasty showed a special situation of “hesitating everybody, absence of everyone” and became a special period of hesitation, precipitation and reflection in literary history. Although its literary achievement was not high, its characteristics were distinct. The emergence of new trends in literary circles in the late Song Dynasty was closely related to the mentality of literati, the distribution of scribes and the interaction of literary and art manners that were caused by the state affairs, the national pattern and the state academic activities of the time. Together with the development of literature itself, these external factors contributed to the overall differentiation and innovation of literary circles in the late Song Dynasty.