我们中国学生经常感觉难以读懂外国作家的原作品,因为我们很难弄懂其中的变异。欺骗是一种经常在文学作品中出现的深层结构变异。本论文通过讨论欺骗以及升格陈述、降格陈述和反语的定义、形式和意义,说明欺骗是表达作者意思的重要手段,而且对我们的阅读和写作具有重要的意义。 Our Chinese students often find it hard to read the original works of foreign authors because it is hard to understand the variations. Deception is a deep structural variation often found in literary works. By discussing the definition, form and meaning of deceit and escalation, degrading and irony, this paper shows that fraud is an important means of expressing the author’s meaning, and is of great significance to our reading and writing.