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本文拟探究产业政策适合的范围和空间尺度。政策选项要回答两个问题:第一,是选择垂直干预瞄准特定企业和部门,抑或水平干预聚焦影响产业发展的一般性条件;第二,是定位于特定地区来发展集群,抑或空间中性,除非绝对必要否则普适所有地区。本文构建空间异质性-选择效应-动态演进的分析框架,基于此提出:空间是异质性的,产业必须要落实到某一具体地区(或区域),这带有重要的结构意义和政策选择收益;地区经济发展必须要提升产业竞争力,形成比较优势;市场失败和系统失败致使产业政策呈现重要演化性质。于是,集聚政策和水平干预是有效的产业政策工具。
This article intends to explore the suitable scope and spatial scale of industrial policy. The policy options answer two questions: first, the choice of vertical intervention aimed at specific enterprises and departments, or horizontal intervention focusing on the general conditions that affect the development of the industry; secondly, targeting specific areas for cluster development or space-neutrality, All areas are universally applicable unless it is absolutely necessary. This paper constructs an analytical framework of spatial heterogeneity - selection effect - dynamic evolution. Based on this, we propose that space is heterogeneous and industries must be implemented in a specific region (or region), with important structural implications and policies Choose the benefits; regional economic development must enhance industrial competitiveness, the formation of comparative advantages; market failure and system failure led to the evolution of industrial policy has shown the important evolutionary nature. Thus, agglomeration policies and horizontal interventions are effective industrial policy tools.