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目的:旨在调查研究贵阳地区40岁以上人群常见眼病发病特征。方法:选取贵阳内20个单位健康体检人群共计5480人,选择专业眼科体检团队对被选研究对象进行眼疾病调查、分类,对比不同眼疾病发病率及不同年龄段患者眼疾病发病率。结果:糖尿病视网膜病变14.1%、单眼老年性白内障率12.0%、双眼老年性白内障率11.1%、高度近视率6.2%、屈光不正率5.7%、黄斑病变19.7%、未见异常率31.2%,其中未见异常率患者数量最高(P<0.01),黄斑病变、糖尿病视网膜病变、单眼老年性白内障率具有眼疾病发病率前三甲,各类眼疾病发病率随患者年龄增加而上升,其中≥80岁患者发病率最高(P<0.05)。结论:40岁以上人群黄斑病变、糖尿病视网膜病变、单眼老年性白内障率发病率较高,应加强此类人群眼病防治工作,完善公共卫生体系建设。
Objective: To investigate the incidence of common eye diseases in people over 40 years of age in Guiyang. Methods: A total of 5480 health checkup population were selected from 20 units in Guiyang. The professional ophthalmology examination team was selected to investigate and classify the ophthalmic diseases of the selected subjects and compare the incidence of different eye diseases and the incidence of eye diseases in different age groups. Results: Diabetic retinopathy was 14.1%, monocular senile cataract rate was 12.0%, binocular senile cataract rate was 11.1%, high myopia rate was 6.2%, refractive error rate was 5.7%, macular degeneration was 19.7%, and no abnormal rate was 31.2% The patients with no abnormal rate had the highest number of patients (P <0.01). Macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy and monocular senile cataract rate had the highest incidence of eye disease, and the incidence of various eye diseases increased with the age of patients, of which ≥80 years The highest incidence of patients (P <0.05). Conclusion: The incidence of macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy and monocular cataract in people above 40 years old is high. The prevention and treatment of eye diseases should be strengthened to improve the public health system.