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江总书记在“七一”讲话中,提出要深化对劳动、劳动价值理论的认识。我们就要用这一思想来认识商业资本和商业经济的意义。应该看到,马克思、恩格斯曾经花很大精力研究商业资本,从《资本论》的第二卷就可以看到:商业资本的功能、作用、定位都讲得非常深刻。比如说,马克思在讲到资本循环时说,资本循环有三个阶段,就是货币循环、生产循环、商品循环。他强调商业资本循环意义非常重大。产业资本、生产资本到商业资本这是一个跳跃。如果生产出来的商品卖不出去,就无法实现商品中所包含的价值,也不能实现商品中所包含的剩余价值,因此商业非常重要。恩格斯也曾讲过生产和流通关系是非常重要的。没有生产也就没有流通,没有流通也就没有生产,他说生产和流通是纵坐标和横坐标的关系,所以它们的关系是非常密切的。这些马克思的基本理论对我们现在也有非常深刻的指导意义。
In his “1 July” speech, General Secretary Jiang proposed to deepen our understanding of the labor and labor value theory. We should use this idea to understand the meaning of commercial capital and commercial economy. It should be noted that Marx and Engels once devoted great efforts to studying commercial capital. From the second volume of Capital, we can see that the function, role and orientation of commercial capital are very profound. For example, when talking about the capital cycle, Marx said that the capital cycle has three stages: the currency cycle, the production cycle, and the commodity cycle. He stressed that the commercial capital cycle is of great significance. Industrial capital, production capital to commercial capital This is a jump. If the produced goods can not be sold, the value contained in the goods can not be realized, and the surplus value contained in the goods can not be realized. Therefore, business is very important. Engels once said that the relationship between production and circulation is very important. There is no circulation without production and no production without circulation. He said that the relations between production and circulation are ordinate and abscissa, so their relationship is very close. These basic theories of Marx also have very profound guiding significance for us now.