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目的调查达州市学龄前儿童缺铁性贫血(iron deficiency anemia,IDA)情况,并对相关因素进行分析。方法选择2015年1月-12月在达州市中心医院门诊进行血常规检验的1 432例6个月~6周岁儿童,对其家长进行问卷调查并进行统计分析。结果共检出150例缺铁性贫血儿童,患病率组间分析结果表明,不同民族以及不同家庭收入的儿童缺铁性贫血患病率差异显著(均P<0.05)。性别、年龄以及家庭常住地组间差异不显著(均P>0.05)。相关因素分析结果表明,是否早产、哺乳期孕期缺铁、不适时添加辅食、既往胃肠道病史、家长育儿知识缺乏以及不均衡的饮食结构均与缺铁性贫血患病率呈显著相关(均P<0.05)。结论应关注学龄前儿童IDA高危因素,适当干预,预防缺铁性贫血发生。
Objective To investigate the incidence of iron deficiency anemia (IDA) in preschool children in Dazhou and analyze the related factors. Methods From January to December 2015, 1 432 children aged 6 months to 6 years whose blood routine tests were performed in Dazhou Central Hospital were surveyed and their parents were surveyed and statistically analyzed. Results A total of 150 children with iron deficiency anemia were detected. The prevalence among the groups showed that there was significant difference in the prevalence of iron deficiency anemia between children of different nationalities and different families (all P <0.05). There was no significant difference in sex, age and family permanent residence (all P> 0.05). Correlation analysis showed that there was a significant correlation between iron deficiency anemia and prevalence of iron deficiency anemia in preterm birth, lactational iron deficiency in lactation, supplementary food in case of discomfort, previous history of gastrointestinal tract, lack of parental knowledge and unbalanced diet structure P <0.05). Conclusions Should pay attention to the risk factors of IDA in preschool children, appropriate intervention to prevent the occurrence of iron deficiency anemia.