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用三维有限元模型研究曲轴的弯曲应力往往是很麻烦的。为了化繁就简,节省机时费用,就需要建立一种与三维模型相当的二维计算模型。本文提出了建立曲轴变厚度平面模型的原理和方法,并用这种模型和罚单元的功能,按弹性滑动接触条件计算了载荷在轴颈上的分布;用粗、细网格结合的二次剖分法研究了曲轴轴颈圆角处的应力分布和应力峰值,并与三维计算结果作了比较。曲轴的变厚度平面模型算法简便、网格直观,在曲拐平面上有和三维模型相当的计算精度,数据准备的工作量和计算费用都很节省,便于推广应用。
It is often troublesome to study the bending stress of a crankshaft with a three-dimensional finite element model. In order to simplify, save time costs, you need to build a three-dimensional model and a two-dimensional computing model. In this paper, the principle and method of establishing a plane model of crankshaft variable thickness are put forward. With this model and the function of penalty unit, the distribution of load on the journal is calculated according to the elastic sliding contact condition. The fractional method studies the stress distribution and stress peaks at the fillet of crankshaft journal, and compares them with the three-dimensional calculation results. Crankshaft variable thickness plane model algorithm is simple, intuitive grid, and the three-dimensional model in the crank surface has considerable computational accuracy, data preparation and calculation of the workload are very cost savings, easy to promote the application.