目前,在全球范围内,用电话、电报、传真实现数据、图像等信息的国际通信网所使用的两种主要传输的形式是人造卫星和海底光缆。海底光缆通信属于光纤通信,由于它具有传输容量大、通信质量高、频带宽、寿命长、保密性高、不易受外界干扰以及可靠性高等一系列突出优点,因而越来越受到人们的高度重视。自70年代后半期起,日本、美国、英国和法国便着手开发海底光缆系统。1985年,在西班牙领地加那利群岛建成了最早的距离为120km的实用通信系统。第一代付诸实用的海底光缆通信系统采用了1.3μm波长的半导体激光器和单模光纤,平均每根光纤传输280Mbs数字信号,一条光缆可容纳6根左右的光纤,按每话路64kbs换算,平均每条光缆 At present, the two major forms of transmission used by the international communication network for the realization of data, images and other information by telephone, telegraph and fax around the world are satellite and submarine cables. Submarine optical fiber cable communication belongs to optical fiber communication, which has drawn more and more attention due to its outstanding advantages such as high transmission capacity, high communication quality, wide frequency band, long service life, high confidentiality, low susceptibility to external interference and high reliability . Since the latter half of the 1970s, Japan, the United States, Britain and France have embarked on the development of submarine cable systems. In 1985, the earliest practical communication system at a distance of 120 km was built in the Canary Islands, the Spanish territory. The first generation of practical undersea fiber optic cable communication system uses a 1.3μm wavelength semiconductor laser and single-mode fiber, the average transmission of 280Mbs per fiber optic digital signal, an optical cable can accommodate about 6 fibers, per session 64kbs conversion, Average each cable