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出生缺陷的原因包括遗传、环境、食品、药物病毒感染等,环境因素中的大气污染一直被证实与出生缺陷相关。从上世纪60年代的反应停药害事件,到本世纪大气污染物对胎儿早期生长发育、与母体营养物质、氧气交换等研究也相继表明了大气污染是胎儿生长发育的危险因素。近年来研究表明,孕妇在孕期暴露于大气污染物与胎儿心血管疾病的发生有相关性。本研究就出生缺陷与大气污染中的主要成份二氧化硫、氮化物和二氧化氮、可吸入颗粒物的关系分别进行阐述。
Causes of birth defects include genetic, environmental, food, drug-induced viral infections, and environmental factors in air pollution have been shown to be associated with birth defects. From the last century, the reaction of 60 cases of drug disruption, to the century of air pollutants on the early fetal growth and development, with the parental nutrients, oxygen exchange and other studies have also shown that air pollution is a risk factor for fetal growth and development. In recent years, studies have shown that pregnant women exposed to atmospheric pollutants during pregnancy and fetal cardiovascular disease have a correlation. In this study, the relationship between birth defects and the main components of air pollution, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides and nitrogen dioxide, and respirable particulate matter are described separately.