自16世纪始,教区成为英国道路治理体系的基层组织。17世纪英国商品经济日趋活跃,陆路运输愈益专业化,引发了交通困局。17世纪下半叶,议会立法力图强化教区制,但无法解决道路通行的外部性问题和资金瓶颈问题,困局并未缓解。从17世纪末开始,经议会授权的收费信托成为道路治理体系的另一主体。收费信托解决了旧治理体系下用路者与维护者分离的矛盾,在确保公共道路通行自由权和公共所有权的前提下,实现了道路的有效维护和监管,同时扩大了维护资金的融资渠道,实现利益的均衡增长,为交通繁忙路段的维护、建设和改进提供了有效途径。近代英国的道路治理是地方治理的重要内容,并始终受议会监管。 Since the 16th century, the diocese became the grassroots organization of the British road management system. In the 17th century, as the commodity economy in Britain became more and more active, more and more land transport became more specialized, causing traffic difficulties. In the second half of the 17th century, parliamentary legislation sought to strengthen the diocese but failed to solve the problem of externalities and financial bottlenecks in the passage of the roads. The dilemma did not ease. From the late 17th century onwards, fee-based trusts authorized by the Parliament became another body of the road management system. Under the premise of ensuring the right of free passage and public ownership of public roads, the toll trusts have solved the contradiction between the separation of road users and defenders under the old governance system, effectively realized the road maintenance and supervision, expanded the financing channels for the maintenance of funds, The balanced growth of interests has provided an effective way for the maintenance, construction and improvement of busy road sections. Modern British road management is an important part of local governance and is always subject to parliamentary supervision.