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一、引言(一)聚合溶剂的重要性合成树脂(塑料)、合成橡胶、合成纤维三大合成材料是产量很大的重要化工产品,1970年世界总产量就达四千万吨,估计1980年总产量将达一亿三千万吨,体积产量将与钢铁产量相近。目前约70—80％聚合物由链锁加聚反应合成。链锁加聚反应可分为自由基聚合和离子型聚合(包括配位络合催化聚合)两大类。本世纪四、五十年代,自由基聚合占主要地位。六十年代以来,离子型聚合和配位络合聚合在工业上急剧发展,可与自由基聚合相匹敌。在塑料中,高密度聚乙烯和聚丙烯是用配位络
I. INTRODUCTION (1) The Importance of Polymerization Solvent The three major synthetic materials of synthetic resin (plastic), synthetic rubber and synthetic fiber are important chemical products with large output. In 1970, the world’s total output reached 40 million tons, and it is estimated that in 1980 The total output will reach 130 million tons, the volume of production will be similar to the steel output. Currently, about 70-80% of the polymers are synthesized by chain addition polymerization. Chain polyaddition reaction can be divided into free radical polymerization and ionic polymerization (including coordination complex catalytic polymerization) two categories. In the fourth and the fifties of this century, radical polymerization dominated. Since the 1960s, ionic polymerization and coordination complex polymerization in the rapid development of industry, comparable with free radical polymerization. In plastics, high-density polyethylene and polypropylene are used coordination network