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改革开放以来,中国经济维持了长达20多年的高速增长,成为令世界瞩目的新兴经济体。但是,这种过多地依靠扩大投资规模和增加物质投入的粗放型经济增长,与资源、环境的矛盾越来越尖锐,自然资源枯竭、环境污染已经成为制约中国经济长期稳定增长的主要障碍。本文以资源与环境经济学为理论基础,用可持续发展观介绍资源环境经济大系统中资源环境与经济的相互作用,并以山西为典型案例分析中国经济发展的现实特点及对资源环境的影响,主要从制度层面揭示我国节能减排与经济增长方式转变的难点,并提出相应的政策建议。
Since the reform and opening up, the Chinese economy has maintained its rapid growth for more than 20 years and has become a emerging economy that has drawn worldwide attention. However, this excessively relies on the extensive economic growth of expanding the investment scale and increasing the material inputs, making it increasingly contradictory to resources and the environment, depleting natural resources and causing environmental pollution as the major obstacle to long-term and steady economic growth in China. This paper, based on the theory of resources and environmental economics, introduces the interaction between resource, environment and economy in the system of resources, environment and economy with the concept of sustainable development. Taking Shanxi as a typical case, it analyzes the realistic characteristics of China’s economic development and its impact on resources and environment , Mainly from the institutional level to reveal China’s energy-saving emission reduction and economic growth mode changes in the difficulties and make the appropriate policy recommendations.