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目的:探讨儿童突发性听力下降的临床特征和预后,指导临床诊断及治疗。方法:回顾分析12例(21耳)因突发性听力下降住院治疗的患儿临床资料。结果:12例患儿,单耳发病25%,双耳发病75%,发病时间平均为5.42d,伴耳鸣4例,眩晕5例;可能病因中,腮腺炎2例,明确的上呼吸道感染史6例,外伤史1例,使用耳毒性药物1例。颞骨CT发现大前庭水管5例。7耳(33.3%)重度听力损失,14耳(66.7%)极重度听力损失。治疗7d后痊愈6耳(28.6%),有效1耳(4.8%),总有效率为33.3%,无效14耳(66.7%)。5例14d时复查听力无改变。结论:对于儿童突发性听力下降需行影像学检查排除内耳畸形;小儿突发性听力下降多有明确的病因,且听力损失重,治疗效果欠佳。
Objective: To investigate the clinical features and prognosis of children with sudden hearing loss and to guide the clinical diagnosis and treatment. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 12 cases (21 ears) due to sudden hearing loss in hospitalized children with clinical data. Results: Twelve cases had a single ear incidence of 25% and a double ear incidence of 75%. The average onset time was 5.42 days, with tinnitus in 4 cases and vertigo in 5 cases. Among the possible causes, mumps in 2 cases and definite history of upper respiratory tract infection 6 cases, history of trauma in 1 case, ototoxicity in 1 case. Temporal bone CT found in 5 cases of large vestibular aqueduct. Severe hearing loss in 7 ears (33.3%) and severe hearing loss in 14 ears (66.7%). After 7 days of treatment, 6 ears (28.6%) were cured and 1 (4.8%) effective, with a total effective rate of 33.3% and invalid 14 ears (66.7%). 5 cases of 14d review hearing no change. Conclusion: Radiological examination of children with sudden hearing loss to rule out the inner ear deformity; sudden hearing loss in children with more clear etiology, and severe hearing loss, poor treatment.