丙型病毒性肝炎由丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)感染所致,HCV感染呈全球分布,我国是高流行地区。HCV基因型别与HCV的传播、诊断、治疗和转归有密切关系;HCV主要经血液传播,包括输血与血制品传播、静脉吸毒、针刺、医源性传播、性接触和母婴垂直传播等;丙型肝炎极易慢性化,HCV感染是诱发原发性肝细胞癌(HCC)的重要原因之一,乙肝病毒和HIV重叠感染、嗜酒、糖尿病和吸烟是影响丙型肝炎转归为HCC的重要因素;目前丙型肝炎的标准治疗方案是药物联合疗法。 Hepatitis C virus is caused by the hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. The HCV infection is globally distributed and our country is endemic. HCV genotypes are closely related to the transmission, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of HCV. HCV is mainly transmitted by blood, including blood transfusion and blood products, intravenous drug use, acupuncture, iatrogenic transmission, sexual contact and vertical transmission of mother and baby Etc. Hepatitis C can be easily chronic. HCV infection is one of the major causes of HCC. Hepatitis B virus and HIV overlap infection, alcohol abuse, diabetes mellitus and smoking affect the outcome of hepatitis C HCC an important factor; the current standard treatment of hepatitis C is drug combination therapy.