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中红外激光在大气污染监控、气体流量监测、海洋探测、激光医疗、军事对抗、基础科学研究等方面具有极其重要的价值.本文总结了近年来2.5~5.0μm波段中红外激光晶体的生长、物化、光谱及激光性能研究进展.采用提拉法生长出了一系列Er~(3+)激活及稀土离子共掺的低声子能镓酸盐、铝酸盐晶体,如Gd_3Ga_5O_(12)(GGG),SrGdGa_3O_7,SrLaGa_3O_7,CaYAlO_4和CaGdAlO_4等晶体,Ho~(3+)激活及敏化离子共掺的GGG晶体,以及Dy~(3+):YAlO_3等晶体,实现了2.5~3.4μm波段的发光.采用坩埚下降法生长出高质量Dy~(3+):KPb2Cl5,Cr~(2+):CdSe,Cr~(2+):Fe~(2+):CdSe等晶体,实现了2.5~5.0μm波段的发光.系统地研究了这些晶体的物化和光谱性能.重点研究了Er~(3+)激活离子在中红外波段的荧光动力学:分析了激活离子的浓度效应、共掺敏化离子的敏化机制以及退激活离子在抑制自终态效应方面所起的作用,计算了激活离子与共掺敏化离子、激活离子与共掺退激活离子之间的能量传递效率,诠释了能量传递机制.根据光谱性能研究结果,筛选出不同晶体中Er~(3+)的最佳掺杂浓度、共掺敏化离子及退激活离子的种类和浓度.研究了Er~(3+)激活的GGG和CaYAlO_4等晶体的激光性能.采用965nmLD端面泵浦Er:GGG,Er,Pr:GGG和Er:GGG/GGG键合晶体,采用氙灯泵浦Cr,Er:YSGG等晶体,均实现了高效的2.7~2.8μm多波长连续或脉冲激光输出,并在Er:GGG晶体上首次实现单纵模微片激光输出.
Mid-infrared laser has extremely important value in air pollution monitoring, gas flow monitoring, marine exploration, laser medical treatment, military confrontation, basic scientific research, etc. This paper summarizes the growth, physical and chemical properties of mid-infrared laser crystals in 2.5 ~ 5.0μm band , The progress of spectroscopic and laser properties was investigated.A series of Er (3+) -activated and rare earth ion co-doped low phonon energy gallates and aluminate crystals were grown by Czochralski method, such as Gd_3Ga_5O_ (12) (GGG ), SrGdGa_3O_7, SrLaGa_3O_7, CaYAlO_4 and CaGdAlO_4, GGG crystals doped with Ho 3+ and sensitizing ions, and Dy 3+: YAlO 3 crystals have been used to achieve luminescence in the 2.5-3.4μm band The crystals of Dy ~ (3 +): KPb2Cl5, Cr ~ (2 +): CdSe, Cr ~ (2 +): Fe ~ (2 +): CdSe were grown by the crucible descent method, μm band, the physicochemical and spectroscopic properties of these crystals have been studied systematically.The fluorescence kinetics of Er 3+ excited ions in the mid-infrared band has been studied emphatically: the concentration effect of activated ions, the co-doped sensitized ions Sensitization mechanism as well as the role of deactivated ions in the inhibition of the self-imminence effect, the activation of ions and The energy transfer efficiency between co-doped ions, activated ions and cofused deactivated ions explains the energy transfer mechanism.According to the results of spectral properties, the optimal doping concentration of Er ~ (3+) in different crystals was screened out, The properties and the concentrations of co-doped ions and deactivated ions were studied.The laser properties of Er 3+ -activated GGG and CaYAlO 4 crystals were investigated by using 965 nm LD end-pumped Er: GGG, Er, Pr: GGG and Er: GGG / GGG bonded crystals, using xenon lamp pumped Cr, Er: YSGG and other crystals, have achieved efficient 2.7 ~ 2.8μm multi-wavelength continuous or pulsed laser output, and the first time in the Er: GGG crystal single- Laser output.