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目的：探讨慢性胰腺炎（CP）的发病因素及诊治特征。n 方法：回顾性分析138例CP患者一般资料、临床表现、治疗方法，探讨主要危险因素与临床特征的关系，根据2012年中华医学会CP诊治指南对进行患者临床分型、分期，用M-ANNHEIM的评分系统分析患者治疗（手术治疗与保守治疗）前后CP病情变化。n 结果：138例CP患者中，116例（84.1%）以腹痛为主要表现；长期饮酒者44.2%（61/138），长期吸烟42.8%（59/138）、高脂血症39.9%（55/138）、胆道疾病20.2%（28/138）；I型11例，II型58例，III型47例，IV型22例；1期69例，2期47例，3期22例。大量饮酒患者胰腺钙化比例高于非饮酒患者，而长期吸烟患者胰腺钙化比例与糖尿病比例均高于非吸烟患者（均P<0.05）。1期患者保守治疗与手术治疗效果差异无统计学意义（P=0.744），2期患者手术治疗效果优于保守治疗（P<0.05），3期患者保守治疗治疗效果优于手术治疗（P<0.05）。n 结论：饮酒、吸烟、高脂血症、胆道疾病依然是CP的主要致病危险因素，不同因素所致CP的特征有所不同，应该根据CP诊治指南并结合患者具体情况，制定合理的治疗方案。“,”Objective:To investigate the pathogenic factors, and diagnostic and treatment features of chronic pancreatitis (CP). n Methods:hTe general data, clinical manifestations, therapeutic protocols, and relationship between major risk factors and clinical features in 138 CP patients were retrospectively analyzed. Clinical typing and staging of the patients were performed according to CP Diagnosis and Treatment Guideline of the Chinese Medical Association (2012), and changes of the disease state of the patients between pre-and post-treatment were analyzed based on M-ANNHEIM classiifcation system. n Results:Of the 138 patients, abdominal pain was the main symptom in 116 cases (84.1%);cases with regular alcohol consumption accounted for 44.2%, with smoking habit accounted for 42.8%, with hyperlipidemia accounted for 39.9%, and with biliary tract disease accounted for 20.2%, respectively;11 cases were classiifed asclinical type I, 58 cases were type II, 47 cases were type III and 22 cases were type IV;69 cases were at clinical stage I, 47 cases at stage II, and 22 cases at stage III. hTe proportion of cases with pancreatic calciifcation in patients with regular alcohol consumption was higher than that in non-alcohol consumers, while either the proportion of cases with pancreatic calciifcation or diabetes in patients with smoking habit were higher than those in patients who did not smoke (all P<0.05). There was no significant difference in therapeutic results between stage I patients undergoing conservative treatment and surgical treatment (P=0.744), while the therapeutic result of surgical treatment was better than that of conservative treatment in stage II patients, and conservative treatment was better than surgical treatment in stage III patients (both P<0.05). n Conclusion:Alcohol consumption, smoking, hyperlipidemia and biliary tract disease are still the main risk factors for occurrence of CP, the features are somewhat different in CP caused by different factors, and choice of plan of treatment should be made on the basis of the Diagnosis and Treatment Guideline and the speciifc conditions of patients.