引言近年海洋史学的兴起,为历史研究带来新的启示,对于东亚特别是中国历史研究的影响亦与日俱增。~①“海难研究”作为海洋史学的一环,又于近代中国史研究有重要意义。一些重大国际交涉问题,例如1871年琉球宫古岛民漂流到台湾被杀害,引发日本于1874年出兵台湾,造成其后中、日交涉的影响最巨。~①再者,条约体制下的中美五口贸易章程三十四款 Introduction The rise of marine historiography in recent years has brought new revelations to historical research and its influence on the study of history in East Asia, especially China. As a part of maritime historiography, the study of shipwreck is also of great significance in the study of modern Chinese history. Some major international issues of negotiation, such as the Ryukyu Miracles drifting to Taiwan in 1871 and being killed, triggered Japan’s military dispatch to Taiwan in 1874, resulting in the greatest impact of subsequent negotiations between China and Japan. In addition, there are thirty-four articles of trade between China and the United States under the Treaty System