中国山水画在千余年的发展过程中,一直在变。然而真正改变山水画的题材内容、社会功能与文化观念,包括表现山水画的方法,还是近百年以来的事。概言之,19世纪90年代到20世纪初,是以延续南宗古风为主要特征;“五四”之后到新中国成立之前,是传统派画家和革新派画家论争、共存、互补的时代;20世纪50年代到“文革”之前,以回归自然和回归生活的集体意识和写实风格为总体风貌;“文革”期间, Chinese landscape painting has been changing in the development of more than a thousand years. However, it is still a matter of nearly a hundred years that the theme content, social functions and cultural concepts of landscape painting are changed, including the way of expressing landscape painting. In a word, before the founding of New China after the May Fourth Movement from the 1890s to the beginning of the 20th century, the traditional southern painter was the main feature. After the founding of New China, the traditional painter and the revolutionary painter argued that they should co-exist and complement each other Era; before the 1950s to the “Cultural Revolution”, with collective consciousness and realistic style of returning to nature and returning to life as the overall style; during the Cultural Revolution,