1、介绍国际经济学中一个最富争议的问题是：实现全球自由贸易最有效的战略是区域主义还是多边主义?根据巴格瓦蒂(Bhagwati,1993)所分析,第一次区域主义浪潮出现于20世纪60年代,但由于美国支持多边主义方式而停止扩展。而自20世纪80年代开始,美国转变立场,支持区域贸易协定。这一转变带来了第二次区域主义浪潮,促成大量自由贸易协定 1. Introduction One of the most controversial issues in international economics is whether the most effective strategy for achieving global free trade is regionalism or multilateralism. According to Bhagwati (1993), the first wave of regionalism emerged In the 1960s, the expansion ceased as the United States supported multilateralism. Since the 1980s, the United States has changed its position in support of regional trade agreements. This shift has brought the second wave of regionalism and led to a large number of free trade agreements