目的研究“阴道旁组织复合体”中显微结构成分,为了解其功能及阐明相关疾病的发病机制提供组织学依据。方法收集2009年3月至2010年8月南方医院Ⅲ型子宫切除术后新鲜“阴道旁组织复合体”标本共28条,HE、免疫组化及Masson三色染色等对其结构成分定性研究。结果 (1)阴道旁组织复合体中包含大量血管,以中、小动静脉为主,微静脉和微动脉多见。(2)富含自主神经节及神经纤维,包括交感和副交感神经;交感神经主要分布于近侧段和远侧段,中间段最少,副交感神经分布无明显规律;神经多与血管伴行。(3)淋巴管散在分布,可见极少淋巴结和淋巴组织。(4)纤维结缔组织以胶原纤维为主,弹性纤维、网状纤维和平滑肌纤维可见。(5)富含脂肪组织。结论 “阴道旁组织复合体”复杂的结构成分是某些盆底功能失调性疾病及广泛性子宫切除术中、术后并发症的发病基础。 Objective To study the microstructure of “vaginal tissue complex ” to provide histological evidence for understanding its function and elucidating the pathogenesis of related diseases. Methods A total of 28 samples of fresh “vaginal tissue complex ” from Nanchang Hospital from March 2009 to August 2010 were collected. HE, immunohistochemistry and Masson trichrome staining were used to characterize the structure of the samples. the study. Results (1) Vaginal tissue complex contains a large number of blood vessels, mainly in the small and medium arterioles, micro venules and arterioles more common. (2) is rich in autonomic ganglia and nerve fibers, including sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves; sympathetic nerve is mainly distributed in the proximal and distal segments, the middle segment at least, parasympathetic distribution no obvious law; (3) scattered scattered lymphatic vessels, showing very little lymph nodes and lymphoid tissue. (4) The fibrous connective tissue is mainly collagen fibers, elastic fibers, reticular fibers and smooth muscle fibers can be seen. (5) rich in fatty tissue. Conclusion “Complex structure of vaginal tissue complex” is the basis of some pelvic floor dysfunctional diseases and extensive postoperative hysterectomy and postoperative complications.