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目的观察经面罩式储雾罐吸入布地奈德气雾剂治疗儿童变应性鼻炎合并支气管哮喘的疗效。方法将62例变应性鼻炎合并支气管哮喘的儿童随机分成两组,A组采用常规吸入布地奈德气雾剂和鼻腔喷入丙酸倍氯米松气雾剂治疗,B组采用面罩式储雾罐辅助吸入布地奈德气雾剂治疗,其余治疗两组相同。观察治疗期间病情变化、治疗不良反应和1年后哮喘症状控制评分、鼻炎症状评分、肺功能测定1 s呼气/用力肺活量(FEV1%)的改善情况及治疗依从性。结果观察期内,A组31例中有15例次发生鼻、咽部干燥或烧灼感、轻微鼻出血和口咽部念珠菌感染,B组31例中未出现明显的不良反应;B组患儿依从率90.2%,A组患儿依从率76.7%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P﹤0.05);1年后B组FEV1%为(87.7±6.9)%,A组FEV1%为(79.1±5.4)%,B组较A组有明显改善,差异有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。结论面罩式储雾罐辅助儿童吸入表面糖皮质激素治疗变应性鼻炎合并支气管哮喘与常规吸入治疗相比,不良反应少,依从性高,可明显改善肺通气功能。
Objective To observe the curative effect of inhalation of budesonide aerosol in mask-type aerosol canister on children allergic rhinitis with bronchial asthma. Methods Sixty-two children with allergic rhinitis and bronchial asthma were randomly divided into two groups. Group A received routine inhalation of budesonide aerosol and nasal sprayed beclometasone dipropionate aerosol. Group B received mask-based mist storage Canisters assisted inhalation of budesonide aerosol treatment, the rest of the treatment of the same two groups. Changes in the course of treatment, adverse reactions and 1 year after asthma symptom control score, rhinitis symptom score, lung function measurement 1 s expiratory / forced vital capacity (FEV1%) improvement and treatment compliance. Results During the observation period, 15 cases in group A had nasal and pharyngeal dryness or burning sensation, slight epistaxis and oropharyngeal candidal infection in group A, and no obvious adverse reactions occurred in group B in 31 cases. Group B Children compliance rate was 90.2%, A group of children compliance rate was 76.7%, the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P <0.05); 1 year after the FEV1% in group B (87.7 ± 6.9)%, FEV1% 79.1 ± 5.4)% in group B, and there was a significant difference between group B and group A (P <0.05). Conclusions Facial mask-type aerosol cans assisted children’s inhalation of surface glucocorticoid treatment of allergic rhinitis with bronchial asthma compared with conventional inhalation therapy, less adverse reactions, high compliance, can significantly improve lung ventilation.