农村农民问题,长期都是困扰我国社会主义现代化建设的重要问题。近年来,农村群体性事件频发,表明我国农村利益冲突严峻,其根源在于基层政治体制存在缺陷,保障农民利益的机制缺位。在传统利益格局已经打破的乡村,政治体制改革的滞后导致基层政府失政于民、执行人本政治的主体缺失,非政府组织为农民提供政治参与的路径缺失,农民主体性参与政治的意识缺失。为此,基层政府必须加强基层工作机制建设、农民利益诉求机制建设以及提升农民政治参与能力的教育机制建设,促使农村以人为本政治环境的形成。 The problem of rural peasants has long been an important issue that troubles our country’s socialist modernization. In recent years, frequent mass incidents in rural areas indicate that the conflicts of interests in rural areas in our country are grim. The root cause lies in the defects of the grass-roots political system and the absence of a mechanism to protect the interests of peasants. In the villages where the traditional interest pattern has been broken, the lag in the reform of the political system has led to the lack of the main body of grassroots government politics and the implementation of people’s political system, the lack of path for non-governmental organizations to provide political participation for farmers and the lack of awareness of farmers’ participation in politics. To this end, grassroots government must strengthen the construction of grass-roots working mechanism, farmers interests appeal mechanism and enhance the ability of farmers to participate in the construction of educational mechanisms to promote rural people-oriented political environment.