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目的通过60岁以上老人的体检分析,了解湖南街道老人代谢异常的患病情况,以利更好地干预。方法询问病史,测定身高、体重、血压、空腹血糖、血脂、血尿酸等。结果各种代谢紊乱的检出率为94.37%,男女间差异无统计学意义,P>0.05。各代谢异常按阳性检出率高低依次为:高血压、血脂紊乱、超重或肥胖、糖尿病或IFG、代谢综合征和高尿酸血症。男性高血压检出率高于女性,P<0.05;女性血脂紊乱检出率明显高于男性,P<0.01;女性高尿酸检出率高于男性,P<0.05。高龄组糖尿病或IFG、高尿酸血症检出率均高于非高龄组,P均<0.05。在代谢综合征组中,女性血脂紊乱和高尿酸血症检出率高于同组男性,P分别<0.05和0.01。在非代谢综合征组,女性的糖尿病或IFG、血脂紊乱检出率高于同组男性,男性高血压检出率高于同组女性,P均<0.01。结论湖南社区老人代谢异常检出率约占94.37%,应加强健康教育,控制心脑血管疾病危险因素,以利提高生存质量。
Objective To understand the prevalence of metabolic abnormalities among the elderly in Hunan’s streets through the physical examination of over 60-year-olds to facilitate better intervention. Methods to ask history, determination of height, weight, blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, blood lipids, uric acid and so on. Results The detection rate of various metabolic disorders was 94.37%. There was no significant difference between men and women (P> 0.05). According to the positive rate of all metabolic abnormalities, the detection rate was high blood pressure, dyslipidemia, overweight or obesity, diabetes or IFG, metabolic syndrome and hyperuricemia. The detection rate of male hypertension was higher than that of women, P <0.05. The detection rate of dyslipidemia in women was significantly higher than that of men (P <0.01). The detection rate of high uric acid in women was higher than that in men (P <0.05). The detection rate of diabetes mellitus or IFG and hyperuricemia in the advanced age group were higher than those in the non-advanced age group, P <0.05. In the metabolic syndrome group, the prevalence of dyslipidemia and hyperuricemia in women was higher than that of men in the same group, P <0.05 and 0.01, respectively. In the non-metabolic syndrome group, the prevalence of diabetes or IFG, dyslipidemia in women was higher than that in men in the same group, and the detection rate of male hypertension was higher than that in the same group (P <0.01). Conclusion The detection rate of metabolic abnormalities in the elderly in Hunan community is about 94.37%. Health education should be strengthened to control the risk factors of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases so as to improve the quality of life.