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为了研究燃料成分变化对超燃冲压发动机燃烧特性的影响,以气化RP-3(中国3#航空煤油)和乙烯为燃料进行了一系列直连式燃烧试验。模型燃烧室入口参数为Ma=2.92,3.46,总温Tt=1430K。基于点火延迟时间、燃烧室壁面静压分布、推力增益和比冲,对比分析了两种燃料的超声速燃烧特性。结果表明,化学活性更高的乙烯比气化煤油具有更高的燃烧性能和燃料利用效率;Ma=2.92,当量比φ≈0.60和1.06时,乙烯的比冲比气化煤油分别约高15%和7.2%;当Ma增加到3.46时,相当的当量比下乙烯和气化煤油之间的比冲差距稍有扩大,约为18%和9.6%。燃烧室入口马赫数和当量比等工况参数对发动机燃烧特性有显著影响。燃料成分对发动机燃烧特性的影响随当量比的提高而弱化,但对燃烧室入口马赫数不敏感。
In order to study the influence of fuel composition variation on the combustion characteristics of scramjet, a series of direct combustion tests were carried out using gasification RP-3 (China 3 # aviation kerosene) and ethylene as fuel. The model combustion chamber inlet parameters Ma = 2.92, 3.46, the total temperature Tt = 1430K. Based on the ignition delay time, the static pressure distribution on the wall of the combustion chamber, thrust gain and specific impulse, the supersonic combustion characteristics of the two fuels were compared. The results show that ethylene with higher chemical activity has higher combustion performance and fuel efficiency than gasified kerosene; Ma = 2.92, the specific impulse ratio of ethylene is about 15% higher than that of gasified kerosene at equivalence ratio φ≈0.60 and 1.06, respectively And 7.2%, respectively. When Ma increased to 3.46, the equivalent equivalent ratio slightly expanded the gap between ethylene and gasification kerosene, about 18% and 9.6%. Combustion chamber inlet Mach number and equivalence ratio and other operating parameters of the engine combustion characteristics have a significant impact. The effect of fuel composition on engine combustion characteristics is weakened with the increase of equivalence ratio, but it is not sensitive to the Mach number of combustion chamber inlet.