住院病区存放少量常用和急救药品可方便患者临时治疗，并可为危重患者的救治赢得宝贵时间，但病区药品储存环节存在用药错误的风险。为加强病区储存药品的管理，减少用药错误，合理用药国际网络中国中心组临床安全用药组、中国药理学会药源性疾病学专业委员会和药物不良反应杂志社组织医学、药学、护理、医院管理等专业的专家，以《中国用药错误管理专家共识》为依据，制定《病区药品储存环节用药错误防范技术指导原则》。病区药品储存环节有关的用药错误包括药品储存不当、药品品规错误、药品数量错误、药品放置错误。风险因素包括管理因素（管理制度不健全、未指定专人或专岗管理、未实施定期检查督导）、流程因素（未制定相应的标准操作流程或操作流程不完善或不合理）、环境因素（药品存放空间和设备不符合要求、未提供专门的标签）、人员因素（未对药品使用相关人员进行培训、人员安排不合理）和药品因素（病区存储的药品种类和数量过多）。防范策略包括技术策略（强制和约束性管理策略、实施信息化和智能化管理、制定标准化的标识和流程、建立规范目录清单和审核项目清单）和管理策略（建立管理体系和制度、配备充足的人力资源、加强培训）。“,”A small amount of commonly used and first-aid drugs stored in the inpatient wards can facilitate the temporary treatment of patients and save precious time for the treatment of critically ill patients. But there is a risk of medication errors in the link of drug storage in the inpatient wards. In order to strengthen the management of drug storage in the inpatient wards and reduce medication errors, experts in medicine, pharmacy, nursing, hospital management, and etc., were organized by Medication Safety Panel in China Core Group of International Network for the Rational Use of Drugs, Chinese Pharmacological Society Professional Committee of Drug-induced Diseases, and Adverse Drug Reactions Journal Agency, to formulate the guideline for prevention of medication errors in the link of drug storage in inpatient wards based on the Expert Consensus on Medication Error Management in China. The medication errors in the link of drug storage in the inpatient wards include improper storage of drugs, wrong drug specifications, wrong drug quantity, and wrong drug placement. The risk factors include management factors (unsound management system, no designated person or post management, or no regular inspections and supervision), process factors (no corresponding standard operation process, or only imperfect or unreasonable operation process), environmental factors (unqualified drug storage space and equipment, or no special labels), human factors (no training for personnel involved in drug use, or unreasonable staff arrangement), and drug factors (too many types and quantity of drugs in inpatient wards). The prevention strategies include technical strategies (enforcement and constraint management policies, implement of informatization and intelligence management, and formulation of standardized marks and processes, and establishment of standard catalog list and audit project list) and management strategies (establishment of management systems, provision of sufficient human resources, and enhancement of training).