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五十多年来,全球性对地观测已形成强大的技术能力和系统体系,在不同应用领域发挥了重要作用。随着对陆地、大气、海洋研究的深入,地球系统科学和全球变化研究正在向空间对地观测技术提出新的重大战略性需求。本文描述了面向全球变化应对、发展全球变化系列科学卫星的方案;提出面向宏观地球科学现象探测、构建月基对地观测系统的设想;同时,作为宏观地球科学现象研究的一个方向,论述了利用地球科学卫星和月基对地观测技术开展全球变化“三极”对比研究的思路。
For more than 50 years, global Earth observation has formed a strong technical capability and system architecture, playing an important role in different fields of application. With the deepening of research on land, atmosphere and oceans, earth system science and global change research are presenting new major strategic needs to space-to-Earth observation technologies. This paper describes a program to respond to the global changes and develop a series of scientific satellites for global change. It proposes the idea of detecting the phenomenon of macro-Earth science and building a monthly observation system of the Earth’s surface. At the same time, as a direction for the study of macro-Earth phenomena, Earth science satellites and moon-based earth observation technology to carry out global changes “three-pole ” comparative research ideas.