本文介绍概率论方法计算核设施事故集体剂量的基本原理 ,给出概率论方法计算得到的事故集体剂量的表达方式 ,以及将概率论方法与确定论方法计算事故集体剂量作了比较 ,指出了概率论方法优于确定论方法的两个特点 In this paper, we introduce the basic principle of the probability method to calculate the collective dose of nuclear facilities accident, and give the expression of the collective dose of accident calculated by the probability method. Compare the probability dose method with the deterministic method to calculate the accident collective dose, The method is superior to two deterministic methods