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在崇明东滩湿地公园设置了3块实验田,研究基于芦苇直接还田(处理Ⅰ)和堆肥后还田(处理Ⅱ)的处理措施对盐碱土壤的改良效应以及对土壤微生物呼吸和植物生长的影响,并通过主成分分析法评价仅考虑传统土壤肥力指标及加和了土壤微生物呼吸和植物生物量等碳收支指标的土壤综合改良效应。结果表明,两种模式都能显著提高土壤的养分。总氮、总磷和总钾均显著高于对照(P<0.05),有机质较对照分别提高10.8%(P=0.053)和10.9%(P=0.052);地上生物量为对照的344%(P=0.000)和167%(P=0.000),但土壤微生物呼吸仅分别较对照提高14%(P=0.085)和43%(P=0.001)。主成分分析结果显示仅考虑传统的土壤肥力指标,对照、处理Ⅰ、处理Ⅱ的综合得分分别为-0.641、0.260、0.381,加和土壤微生物呼吸与植物生物量后综合主成分得分为-1.011、0.644、0.367。这表明按传统评价指标,处理Ⅱ是较好的改良模式,但加和了土壤微生物呼吸与植物固碳量等碳收支指标后,处理Ⅰ得分高于处理Ⅱ,因此这是一种相对低碳化的改良模式。
Three experimental fields were set up in Chongming Dongtan Wetland Park to study the effects of treatments on soil salinity and alkalinity, and on soil microbial respiration and plant growth based on the treatments of direct reed (Treatment Ⅰ) and composting (Treatment Ⅱ) , And through the principal component analysis method, the soil comprehensive improvement effect which only takes the traditional soil fertility index into consideration and the carbon budget index that adds the soil microbial respiration and the plant biomass is considered. The results show that both modes can significantly improve soil nutrients. Total nitrogen, total phosphorus and total potassium were significantly higher than those of the control (P <0.05), organic matter increased by 10.8% (P = 0.053) and 10.9% (P = 0.052) = 0.000) and 167% (P = 0.000) respectively. However, soil microbial respiration increased by only 14% (P = 0.085) and 43% (P = 0.001), respectively, compared with the control. The results of principal component analysis showed that only the traditional index of soil fertility was taken into account. The comprehensive scores of control, treatment Ⅰ and treatment Ⅱ were -0.641,0.260,0.381, respectively. After adding soil respiration and plant biomass, the integrated principal component score was -1.011, 0.644, 0.367. This indicates that treatment Ⅱ is a better improvement mode according to the traditional evaluation index. However, after the carbon budget of soil microbial respiration and carbon sequestration of plants is added, the treatment Ⅰ score is higher than that of treatment Ⅱ, so this is a relatively low Carbonization improved model.