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本文推导了基于模式耦合理论的方程组,用于加快和简化折叠波导器件中矩形过渡结构的设计过程。作为功率耦合结构的一个重要组成部分,两种常用的结构将被考虑用来匹配折叠波导慢波结构的矩形波导TE10模式和标准输出矩形波导中的TE10模式。通过比较发现,在同样的反射水平下,锥形过渡结构比阶梯过渡结构长得多,但同时前者却自然具有更快的带宽和对结构误差不敏感的特性。作为算例,设计了220GHz折叠波导返波管中可能用到的阶梯过渡结构和锥形过渡结构,并进行了误差分析。设计过程中用到的理论方法最终用数值模拟的方法进行了验证,取得了很好的一致性。基于该高精度理论方法的设计耗时不过几分钟。
In this paper, the equations based on mode coupling theory are deduced to speed up and simplify the design process of rectangular transitional structures in folded waveguide devices. As an important part of the power coupling structure, two common structures will be considered for matching the TE10 mode of the rectangular waveguide with the folded waveguide slow-wave structure and the TE10 mode of the standard output rectangular waveguide. By comparison, the conical transitional structure is much longer than the stepped transitional structure at the same reflection level, but the former naturally has a faster bandwidth and is insensitive to structural errors. As an example, the ladder transition structure and tapered transition structure that may be used in 220GHz folded waveguide backwave tube are designed and the error analysis is carried out. The theoretical method used in the design process is finally verified by numerical simulation method and achieved good consistency. The design based on this high-precision theoretical method takes only a few minutes.