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目的分析健康促进对城市社区居民慢性高血压防控的效果。方法采用随机整群抽样法,在平顶山市区范围内随机抽取4个社区,采取发放宣传手册、在社区公共场所悬挂宣传标语及张贴健康生活宣传海报的方式进行为期3个月的慢性高血压健康促进干预。分别于干预前后以家庭为单位整体抽取年龄30~60岁的社区居民878人进行问卷调查并分析防控效果。结果健康促进干预后,城市社区居民对高血压的临界值、慢性高血压相关危险因素、慢性高血压危害等12项相关知识的知晓率均明显高于干预前,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。健康促进干预后城市居民认为慢性高血压可预防、按时服用降压药可有效控制血压、通过改善日常生活方式可控制血压的比例均明显高于干预前,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。健康促进干预后城市居民饮酒比例明显低于干预前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);健康促进干预后城市居民低盐饮食和低脂饮食的比例明显高于干预前,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05);干预前后吸烟率和运动锻炼比例差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论健康促进干预可明显提高本地区城市社区居民慢性高血压的知晓率,改变居民对慢性高血压的态度,对慢性高血压防控具有较好的效果。
Objective To analyze the effect of health promotion on prevention and control of chronic hypertension in urban community residents. Methods A random cluster sampling method was used to randomly select 4 communities in the urban area of Pingdingshan and take 3 months of chronic hypertension health care by issuing publicity brochures, hanging publicity slogans in public places and posting healthy life posters Promote intervention. Respectively before and after the intervention, families took the unit as a whole to collect 878 community residents aged 30-60 years to conduct questionnaire survey and analyze the effect of prevention and control. Results After the intervention of health promotion, the awareness rate of 12 community-based residents in urban communities was significantly higher than that before intervention (P <0.05), and the difference was statistically significant <0.05). After the intervention of health promotion, urban residents think that chronic hypertension can be prevented, taking antihypertensive drugs on time can effectively control blood pressure, and the proportion of controllable blood pressure by improving daily lifestyles are significantly higher than those before intervention (all P <0.05 ). The percentage of drinking urban residents after health promotion intervention was significantly lower than that before intervention (P <0.05), and the proportion of low-salt diet and low-fat diet was significantly higher in urban residents than those before intervention (P <0.05). There was no significant difference in smoking prevalence and exercise ratio before and after intervention (P> 0.05). Conclusion Health promotion intervention can significantly improve the awareness rate of chronic hypertension in urban community residents and change residents’ attitudes toward chronic hypertension, which has a good effect on prevention and control of chronic hypertension.