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在乘客具有选择偏好时,研究价格承诺策略缓解乘客策略行为的有效性就显得十分必要。本文通过建立otelling模型刻画乘客的偏好,探讨了航空公司在传统定价与价格承诺定价两种策略下的均衡价格及收益,得出了价格承诺的有效范围。研究表明:当航空公司降价幅度较大且乘客策略程度较小时,价格承诺策略下的收益优于传统定价策略,可以有效缓解乘客策略行为对航空公司收益的影响。本文应用算例验证了理论分析的结果。同时,研究发现:价格承诺策略不能完全消除乘客策略行为带来的损失;乘客策略程度越小或航空公司降价幅度越大,价格承诺策略越有效。
When passengers have the preference of choice, it is necessary to study the strategy of price commitment to ease the effectiveness of passenger strategy. This paper describes the preferences of passengers by establishing the otelling model, discusses the equilibrium price and return of airlines under the two strategies of traditional pricing and price commitment pricing, and obtains the effective range of price commitment. The result shows that when the airlines reduce the price more and the passengers are less strategic, the profit under the price commitment strategy is better than the traditional pricing strategy, which can effectively mitigate the impact of the passenger strategy on the airlines’ return. In this paper, a numerical example is given to verify the theoretical analysis. At the same time, the study found that: price commitment strategy can not completely eliminate the loss caused by passenger behavior; the smaller the passenger strategy or the larger the airline price cuts, the more effective the price commitment strategy.