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磷是滇池湖泊富营养化的限制性营养元素。滇池湖泊磷负荷来源一般可分为外环境发生源输入的磷负荷和内环境发生源输出的磷负荷两大类。累积在滇池湖泊内的磷,主要分布在水体与底部沉积物中,滇池湖泊水体中总磷浓度由北向南含量降低,底部沉积物中P2O5含量分布由北向南呈递增趋势。底部0-3m的沉积物P2O5含量由上至下呈明显递减趋势,表明滇池湖泊磷负荷逐年加重。近几年资料显示滇池湖泊单位面积磷负荷达1.52g/m2·a,超过总磷公认允许负荷量中危险值的11.7倍,滇池已成为富营养型湖泊。控制滇池富营养化,在解决入湖磷外负荷的同时,对湖泊底部沉积物中磷内负荷也应予以高度重视。
Phosphorus is a limiting nutrient for eutrophication in Dianchi Lake. Dianchi lake phosphorus load sources can generally be divided into the external environment of the source of input phosphorus load and environmental sources of phosphorus output output of two major categories. Phosphorus accumulated in Dianchi lake was mainly distributed in the water body and the bottom sediment. The content of total phosphorus in the lake water in the Dianchi Lake decreased from north to south, and the distribution of P2O5 in the bottom sediment showed an increasing trend from north to south. The content of P2O5 in sediments at the bottom of 0-3m decreased obviously from top to bottom, indicating that the phosphorus load in Dianchi lake increased year by year. In recent years, the data show that the phosphorus load per unit area of Dianchi Lake reaches 1.52g / m2 · a, which is 11.7 times of the dangerous value of the allowable load of total phosphorus. Dianchi Lake has become an eutrophic lake. Controlling the eutrophication of Dianchi Lake should attach great importance to the phosphorus load in sediments at the bottom of the lake while solving the phosphorus load outside the lake.