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杰罗拉莫·萨沃纳罗拉(Girolamo Savonarola,1452-1498)是1494年佛罗伦萨重建民主共和国的奠基者。分析他回顾建国理想的《论统治与佛罗伦萨城政府》一文,可以抛开现代性观念的干扰,认识古人对君主制与共和制的真实看法。本文围绕以下三个问题展开分析:在当时君主制与共和制是否是对立关系的?君主制为什么是理想状态中的好政体?为何把政府公共利益对追求作为评价政治制度好坏的标准?考证这些西方政治思想的核心内容,有利于我们重新认识西方政治制度的发展演变。
Girolamo Savonarola (1452-1498) was the founders of the Re-establishment of the Democratic Republic of Florence in 1494. Analyzing his article “On Governance and the Government of Florence City” which reviewed the ideal of nation-building, we can disregard the interference of the concept of modernity and understand the ancients’ true view of monarchy and republicanism. This paper analyzes the following three questions: At the time of the monarchy and republicanism is the opposite relationship? Why the monarchy is the ideal state of the political system? Why the pursuit of the government’s public interest as a measure of the quality of the political system? The core content of Western political thought helps us to re-understand the development of the political system in the West.