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目的观察青海地区妊娠特异性皮肤病(SDP)的发病情况、临床特点、实验室检验、治疗、预后及胎儿情况。方法对本院2010年1月-2013年4月收治的116例SDP患者的临床资料进行系统性分析。结果 116例SDP患者的平均年龄为(28.86±4.83)岁;妊娠各期均有发病,孕妇妊娠后发病少见。合并其他疾病的患者占34.48%。既往患有过敏性疾病的患者占41.38%。患者均伴有瘙痒,瘙痒时间平均为(8.04±9.98)周。30.17%的患者皮疹分布在四肢及躯干,20.13%腹部受累。73.28%皮损表现为多形性。56.99%的患者血白细胞等升高,73.08%尿路感染,83.33%肝肾功能异常,62.86%免疫异常。胎儿平均出生体质量为3.32kg,54.74%为男婴,妊娠过程中21.05%的患者出现宫内窘迫、自然流产、先兆早产、先兆流产等。结论 SDP患者的发病具有特征性,临床表现多样,实验室检查、预后及胎儿等有不同程度的异常,需要进一步观察。
Objective To observe the incidence, clinical features, laboratory tests, treatment, prognosis and fetus of pregnancy-specific dermatosis (SDP) in Qinghai. Methods The clinical data of 116 SDP patients admitted to our hospital from January 2010 to April 2013 were systematically analyzed. Results The average age of 116 SDP patients was (28.86 ± 4.83) years old. All the patients had the disease at different stages of pregnancy, and the incidence of pregnant women was rare after pregnancy. Patients with other diseases accounted for 34.48%. In the past with allergic diseases accounted for 41.38% of patients. Patients were accompanied by pruritus, the average time itch (8.04 ± 9.98) weeks. 30.17% of patients with rash distributed in the limbs and torso, 20.13% of the abdomen involvement. 73.28% lesions showed pleomorphism. 56.99% of patients with elevated blood leukocytes, 73.08% of urinary tract infections, 83.33% of liver and kidney dysfunction, 62.86% of immune abnormalities. The average birth weight of the fetus was 3.32kg, 54.74% of which were male babies. Pregnancy occurred in 21.05% of patients with intrauterine distress, spontaneous abortion, threatened preterm birth, threatened abortion and so on. Conclusion The incidence of SDP patients is characterized by various clinical manifestations, laboratory tests, prognosis and fetal abnormalities in varying degrees, the need for further observation.