引言 药物进入机体,对机体可引起两种作用,即所期望的作用和非期望的作用。为获得更有效的药物,应将不期望的性质降低到最小,而保留或增加其治疗活性。药效的改善可借助于生物、物理和化学方法。生物方法即改变给药途径,如用注射剂使药物起效更适合于治疗要 Introduction Into the body of the drug, the body can cause two effects, the desired effect and the desired effect. In order to obtain more effective drugs, undesirable properties should be minimized while retaining or increasing their therapeutic activity. Efficacy can be improved by means of biological, physical and chemical methods. Biological methods that change the route of administration, such as injection of drugs to make drugs more effective in treatment