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从训练学的角度调查研究影响高校高水平游泳队女运动员成绩的主要因素,以寻求更适合高校女游泳运动员的训练方法,对进一步探索高校游泳训练规律,促进高校游泳运动水平的提高有重要意义。通过文献资料法、调查法及访谈法对高校高水平游泳队部分女运动员的训练进行调查研究,并利用因子分析法,对影响成绩的因素进行分析。结果显示:女运动员进入高校后成绩下降较为普遍。节假日的训练、女生特殊的生理、心理变化、科学化训练、运动素质下降和训练量的减少是影响女运动员成绩的5大类主要因素。研究认为:学校应考虑对运动员和教练员给予更多的政策激励。教练员要在科学化训练方面实施一些应对措施以保障训练的质量,并多鼓励运动员、激发她们的训练热情,使其能够主动训练、创造佳绩。
It is of great significance to investigate the main factors that affect the performance of female athletes in high-level swimming teams from the perspective of training in order to find a more suitable training method for female female swimmers in colleges and universities, which is significant to further explore the regularity of swimming training in colleges and universities and to promote the level of swimming in colleges and universities . Through literature review, investigation and interview, this paper investigates the training of some female swimmers in the high-level swimming team in colleges and universities and makes use of the factor analysis method to analyze the factors that affect the performance. The result shows that the female athletes’ performance declines after they enter colleges and universities. Holiday training, special physical and psychological changes of girls, scientific training, decreased sports quality and reduced training amount are the main factors that affect the performance of female athletes. The study suggests: Schools should consider giving more policy incentives to athletes and coaches. Coaches should implement some measures in scientific training to ensure the quality of training and encourage more athletes to stimulate their enthusiasm for training so that they can take the initiative to train and make good achievements.