Pore structure and tracer migration behavior of typical American and Chinese shales

来源 :Petroleum Science | 被引量 : 0次 | 上传用户:smallAppleA
下载到本地 , 更方便阅读
声明 : 本文档内容版权归属内容提供方 , 如果您对本文有版权争议 , 可与客服联系进行内容授权或下架
论文部分内容阅读
With estimated shale gas resources greater than those of US and Canada combined,China has been embarking on an ambitious shale development program.However,nearly 30 years of American experience in shale hydrocarbon exploration and production indicates a low total recovery of shale gas at 12%-30%and tight oil at5%-10%.One of the main barriers to sustainable development of shale resources,namely the pore structure(geometry and connectivity) of the nanopores for storing and transporting hydrocarbons,is rarely investigated.In this study,we collected samples from a variety of leading hydrocarbon-producing shale formations in US and China.These formations have different ages and geologic characteristics(e.g.,porosity,permeability,mineralogy,total organic content,and thermal maturation).We studied their pore structure characteristics,imbibition and saturated diffusion,edge-accessible porosity,and wettability with four complementary tests:mercury intrusion porosimetry,fluid and tracer imbibition into initially dry shale,tracer diffusion into fluid-saturated shale,and high-pressure Wood’s metal intrusion followed with imaging and elemental mapping.The imbibition and diffusion tests use tracer-bearing wettability fluids(API brine or n-decane) to examine the association of tracers with mineral or organic matter phases,using a sensitive and micro-scale elemental laser ablation ICP-MS mapping technique.For two molecular tracers in n-decane fluid with the estimated sizes of 1.39 nm × 0.29 nm × 0.18 nm for 1-iododecane and1.27 nm × 0.92 nm × 0.78 nm for trichlorooxobis(triphenylphosphine) rhenium,much less penetration was observed for larger molecules of organic rhenium in shales with median pore-throat sizes of several nanometers.This indicates the probable entanglement of sub-nano-sized molecules in shales with nano-sized pore-throats.Overall findings from the above innovative approaches indicate the limited accessibility(several millimeters from sample edge) and connectivity of tortuous nanopore spaces in shales with spatial wettability,which could lead to the low overall hydrocarbon recovery because of the limited fracture-matrix connection and migration of hydrocarbon molecules from the shale matrix to the stimulated fracture network. With estimated shale gas resources greater than those of US and Canada combined, China has been embarking on an ambitious shale development program. Howard, nearly 30 years of American experience in shale hydrocarbon exploration and production indicates a low total recovery of shale gas at 12% -30% and tight oil at 5% -10% .One of the main barriers to sustainable development of shale resources, namely the pore structure (geometry and connectivity) of the nanopores for storing and transporting hydrocarbons, is rarely investigated.In this study, we collected samples from a variety of leading hydrocarbons-producing shale formations in US and China. The formations have different ages and geologic characteristics (eg, porosity, permeability, mineralogy, total organic content, and thermal maturation) .We investigated their pore structure characteristics , imbibition and saturated diffusion, edge-accessible porosity, and wettability with four complementary tests: mercury intrusion porosimetry, fluid and tracer imbibiti on into initially dry shale, tracer diffusion into fluid-saturated shale, and high-pressure Wood’s metal intrusion followed with imaging and elemental mapping. imbibition and diffusion tests use tracer-bearing wettability fluids (API brine or n-decane) to examine the association of tracers with mineral or organic matter phases, using a sensitive and micro-scale elemental laser ablation ICP-MS mapping technique. For two molecular traces in n-decane fluid with the estimated sizes of 1.39 nm × 0.29 nm × 0.18 nm for 1 -iododecane and 1.27 nm × 0.92 nm × 0.78 nm for trichlorooxobis (triphenylphosphine) rhenium, much less penetration was observed for larger molecules of organic rhenium in shales with median pore-throat sizes of several nanometers. This indicates that the probable entanglement of sub- nano-sized molecules in shales with nano-sized pores-throats. Overall results from the above animated approaches indicate the limited accessibility (several millimeters from sample edge) and connectivit y oftortuous nanopore spaces in shales with spatial wettability, which could lead to the low overall hydrocarbon recovery because of the limited fracture-matrix connection and migration of hydrocarbon molecules from the shale matrix to the stimulated fracture network.
其他文献
2000年11月6日.教育部所属北京中国职业技长教育研究所召开成立十周年庆祝大会。庆祝会是以召开中外职业技术教育经营交流的方式进行的。除中国国内有关部门负责职业教育及
自去年第9期发表了一文后,文中主人公同小师妹之间的“故事”究竟怎么样了呢?下面就来听听贾师傅给我们讲的这段后续爱情故事吧.
新闻出版家、报刊评论家邹韬奋先生一生创办过多种报刊,每次都受读者欢迎.
同学们在使用形容词的比较级时,经常出错,下面对一些常见错误进行归纳和分析。  一、比较级构成形式的错误  例1:他比你强壮。   误:He is more strong than you.   正:He is stronger than you.   析:很多同学误以为形容词的比较级形式就是more+形容词,但实际上形容词比较级的构成形式一般有以下几种:①一般单音节词和少数以-er,-ow结尾的双
本文通过对荣华二采区10
期刊
根据农村初级职业技术教育主要担负着培养适应 21世纪我国社会主义现代化建设需要的、具备综合职业能力和全面素质的应用型人才这一实际,我校在兴办农村初级职业技术教育的实
资本运营是企业发展到一定规模和阶段时,所要采取的一种战略措施。在当前国家严厉的调控政策以及房地产行业竞争激烈的情况下,房地产企业必须认清现时企业资本运营的现状,发
加快发展服务业是转变经济发展方式的关键,漳州服务业的发展水平处于省内下游,尤其是生产性服务业发展滞后已成为产业结构优化和经济转型的障碍.本文根据“十二五”时期加快
4月1日,集团公司团委召开2011年度工作会议暨“五四”表彰大会。会议回顾了2010年度公司团委工作,提出了2011年团委工作意见。集团公司党委副书记陶自平到会并作重要讲话,集
本文从中小企业的实际情况出发,在用户需求分析的基础上,提出中小企业办公自动化系统的基本目标,并阐述系统的结构设计和功能设计,给出了一个结合c/s和web技术的中小企业办公