由于外科技术和免疫抑制治疗的进展,目前肾移植在大多数国家已成为常规手术。然而,慢性排斥(ＣＲ)是影响移植肾长期成活的主要原因,发生率近几年来并未下降。既往,由于环孢霉素(ＣｓＡ)的应用,期望可以减少ＣＲ的发生,但现有的资料无法证实这一结果。ＦＫ506和霉酚酸酯(ＭＭＦ) Due to advances in surgical techniques and immunosuppressive therapy, kidney transplantation has become a routine procedure in most countries at present. However, chronic rejection (CR) is a major cause of long-term graft survival and the incidence has not declined in recent years. In the past, due to the application of cyclosporine (CsA), it is expected to reduce the occurrence of CR, but the available data can not confirm this result. FK506 and mycophenolate mofetil (MMF)