难溶于水的中药,如三七、紫河车、川贝、水蛭等价格贵,常用量少,为了减少在煎煮过程中被他药粘附损失有效成分,或防止在煎煮过程中发生毒性反应(朱砂)。实际工作中常发现医生在处方中标明研粉冲服的脚注。笔者认为不当,略呈浅见。 中药汤剂的处方多为复方,是真溶剂,胶体,混悬液和乳浊液的混合液。混悬液静置时都存在着粒子的沉降和聚结;浮浊液温度降低后容易使粒子破裂。胶体、混悬液和乳浊液由于这些粒子各自所带的电荷不同,因此会相互吸引,静置后有大量沉淀析出。另 Chinese medicines that are difficult to dissolve in water, such as Sanqi, Placenta, Chuanbei, Shuihu, etc., are expensive and often used in small amounts, in order to reduce the loss of active ingredients in the decoction process by sticking to other drugs or to prevent them from being decocted. A toxic reaction occurred (cinnabar). The actual work often finds that the doctor marks the footnotes of the powder in the prescription. The author thinks it is improper and slightly shallow. The recipes for traditional Chinese medicine decoctions are mostly compound, which is a mixture of true solvents, colloids, suspensions and emulsions. The sedimentation and coalescence of the particles are present when the suspension is left standing; particles of the particles tend to crack when the temperature of the turbid liquid decreases. Colloids, suspensions, and emulsions attract each other because they have different charges, and a large amount of precipitate precipitates after standing. another