在《法律社会学》一书中,马克思·韦伯认为近代的法律发展理性化是一个需要通过多种不同层次的手段才能最终实现的过程。韦伯认为,“形式理性”是指:至少在表面上具有规范化的表现形式,处理法律问题时所依据的至少是表面上形式化的法律规则。“实质理性”是指:对于法律问题的处理的准则是具有严密的逻辑性的、通则化的特质别具的法律规范,而非个案的评价。中国法律的实质理性化之路任重道远。 In “Legal Sociology,” a book, Marx Weber argues that the rationalization of legal development in modern times is a process that needs to be finally realized through a number of different levels of means. Weber believes that “formal rationality ” refers to: at least on the surface of a standardized form of expression, the legal issues are based on at least the surface of the formal rules of law. “Substantive rationality” means that the criterion for the handling of legal issues is strictly logical and generalized, with distinctive legal norms rather than case-specific evaluations. The road to substantive rationalization of Chinese law has a long way to go.