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为了解碳酸盐岩岩性基底对土地石漠化时空演变的作用,利用RS、GIS和GPS技术构建了贵州20世纪80年代、90年代和21世纪初3期1:10万的土地石漠化历史空间分布图,结合碳酸盐岩岩石组合类型分布数据,利用数学建模的方法进行空间分析.结果发现:(1)石漠化的演变方式与碳酸盐岩的类型有关,而与其纯度关系不大;(2)石漠化演变规模、演变速率和演变频率与碳酸盐岩岩性纯度呈正相关;(3)在石灰岩组合类型区,无石漠化土地易演变到中度石漠化土地;而在白云岩组合类型区,无石漠化土地易演变到轻度石漠化土地;(4)无论碳酸盐岩纯度和组成如何,在石漠化演变的长期过程中,强度以上石漠化波动较小,轻度、中度石漠化波动较大.因此,碳酸盐岩岩性基底对土地石漠化的时空演变过程有明显的控制作用.
In order to understand the role of carbonate rock lithology in the temporal and spatial evolution of rocky desertification, the paper uses RS, GIS and GPS technologies to construct a rocky desert of Guizhou in the 1980s, 1990s and early 21st century The spatial distribution of carbonate rocks and the spatial distribution of carbonate rock assemblages, the spatial analysis was made by means of mathematical modeling methods.The results showed that: (1) The evolution of rocky desertification was related to the type of carbonate rocks, (2) There is a positive correlation between the evolution scale, evolution rate and evolution frequency of rocky desertification and the lithology purity of the carbonate rocks; (3) In the limestone combination type area, In the long-term evolution process of rocky desertification, regardless of the purity and composition of carbonate rocks, in the dolomite assemblage type area, the areas without rocky desertification tend to evolve to mild rocky desertification areas; (4) The fluctuation of rocky desertification is less than the intensity, and the fluctuation of mild and moderate rocky desertification is relatively large, so that the carbonate rocky basement obviously controls the temporal and spatial evolution of rocky desertification.