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以典型粳稻品种辽粳294和盐丰47为试材,比较了开花后4～22d穗上不同部位一、二次枝梗颖果背部维管束的解剖结构变化,并对其相应粒位的稻米品质进行分析。结果表明,两品种颖果背部维管束截面均近似椭圆形,其面积大小及短轴长度均随颖果的生长而呈抛物线形变化,辽粳294在开花后12d、盐丰47在开花后10d分别达到最大值,截面长轴长度则随颖果生长和灌浆进程而单调上升。从整体上看,两品种颖果背部维管束表现为从基部到顶部由粗到细的管-束状结构,由居中的导管束和周边的若干筛管束构成。在开花后相同时间,两品种维管束截面面积、截面长轴长度、截面短轴长度、筛管区域宽度、导管数、颖果体积、颖果干质量,均表现为上部一次枝梗籽粒>下部一次枝梗籽粒>上部二次枝梗籽粒>下部二次枝梗籽粒,并且在相同部位上,维管束性状均表现为辽粳294大于盐丰47。维管束截面面积及其长轴长度,与稻米垩白粒率和垩白度呈显著负相关,维管束截面面积、长轴长度、短轴长度、筛管区域宽度和导管数,与颖果干质量、颖果充实度和谷粒充实度呈显著正相关。颖果背部维管束结构的差异,是稻米垩白性状、颖果充实度和其他与同化物积累特性有关的性状产生差异的重要形态学和解剖学基础。
The typical japonica rice varieties Liaojing 294 and Yanfeng 47 were used as experimental materials to compare the anatomical changes of the vascular bundles in the dorsal branches of primary and secondary branches of 4 ~ 22 d after anthesis, Quality analysis. The results showed that the vascular bundles on the back of the two cultivars were nearly oval in cross section, and the area size and short axis length varied parabolically with the growth of caryopsis. At 12 days after anthesis, Respectively, reaching the maximum value, the length of the major axis of the cross section increases monotonically with the growth and filling process of the civets. Overall, the vascular bundles of the two varieties of caryopses exhibited a tube-bundle structure ranging from coarse to thin at the base to the top, and consisted of a central bundle of catheters and a number of sieve bundles in the periphery. At the same time after flowering, the cross sections of the vascular bundle, the long axis of the cross section, the short axis of the cross section, the width of the sieve tube, the number of the conduits, the volume of the caryopsis, Primary branch stalk grain> upper secondary stalk grain> lower secondary stalk grain, and at the same position, the vascular bundle traits showed that Liaojing 294 was larger than that of Yanfeng 47. There was a significant negative correlation between the cross-sectional area of the vascular bundle and its major axis length and the chalky grain percentage and chalkiness of rice grains, the cross-sectional area of the vascular bundle, the length of the major axis, the length of the minor axis, the width of the screened area and the number of catheters. There was a significant positive correlation between quality, grain filling degree and grain filling degree. The differences in the vascular bundle structure of the back of the caryopses are important morphological and anatomic bases for the differences in chalky traits, fruit firmness, and other traits associated with the accumulation of assimilates.