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目的了解西安铁路局管辖内旅客列车自备水箱水卫生状况及其影响因素,为监督管理提供依据。方法 2012—2015年采集西安铁路局管辖内始发的不同类型的85组旅客列车水箱水,每组列车至少抽检5个车厢,按照GB/T 5750-2006《生活饮用水卫生标准检验方法》进行检测。结果共检测旅客列车水箱水500件,合格271件,总合格率为54.2%。2012—2015年水质合格率分别为56.0%、49.0%、65.0%、55.0%,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。高速列车水质合格率为36.8%,直快列车为45.5%,特快列车为62.2%,快速列车为60.5%,普通列车为36.8%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。春季水箱水合格率为62.7%;夏季为45.3%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。所检项目中,不合格项目有菌落总数、总大肠菌群、耐热大肠菌群、浑浊度和游离余氯5项。结论西安铁路局旅客列车水箱水质合格率偏低,存在安全隐患,应加强监督和管理。
Objective To understand the water hygienic condition and its influencing factors of passenger tank self-contained water tank under the jurisdiction of Xi’an Railway Bureau and provide basis for supervision and management. Methods From 2012 to 2015, 85 different types of passenger train water tanks were collected from the jurisdiction of Xi’an Railway Bureau. At least 5 cabs of each train were sampled and tested in accordance with GB / T 5750-2006 Standard for Drinking Water Quality Inspection Detection. Results A total of 500 pieces of water were collected from passenger train water tank, with 271 passes, with a total passing rate of 54.2%. The qualified rates of water quality in 2012-2015 were 56.0%, 49.0%, 65.0% and 55.0%, respectively, with no significant difference (P> 0.05). The passing rate of high-speed trains was 36.8%, 45.5% for direct trains, 62.2% for express trains, 60.5% for express trains and 36.8% for ordinary trains. The difference was statistically significant (P <0.01). Spring water tank qualified rate was 62.7%; summer was 45.3%, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.01). The seized items, the total number of substandard projects colony, total coliforms, heat-resistant coliform bacteria, turbidity and free residual chlorine 5. Conclusions The passing rate of water quality of passenger train water tank in Xi’an Railway Bureau is low and there are potential safety problems. Supervision and management should be strengthened.