一、前言环境:环者围绕,境者疆土,指环绕所辖的区域,亦指周围的情况。任何事物的存在与发展,无一不受其环境变化的影响和制约。通过环境的研究,能完善和加深对事物本身及其变化发展趋势的认识。一般认为,环境问题研究有三类:第一类是原生环境研究,第二类是次生环境研究,这两类环境研究属自然科学范畴;第三类是社会环境研究,包括人文环境,经济环境,某些专属环境等方面的研究,属社会科学范畴。环境问题研究又可有内、外之分:内环境研究着眼于事物内部各环节,结构及 First, the preface Environment: Around the ring, territory of the territory, means around the area under its jurisdiction, also refers to the surrounding situation. The existence and development of any thing is affected and constrained by the changes of its environment. Through the study of the environment, we can improve and deepen the understanding of things themselves and their changing trends. It is generally believed that there are three types of environmental research: the first is the research of the primary environment, the second is the research of the secondary environment, the two types of environmental research belong to the category of the natural sciences; the third is the research of the social environment, including the human environment and the economic environment , Some exclusive environment and other aspects of research, is a social sciences. Research on environmental issues can have internal and external points: the internal environment studies focus on all aspects of internal affairs, structure and