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随着种植技术的普及应用及其良好的临床效果，临床医师着力探寻可以降低种植治疗的难度及风险，减少并发症，提高患者手术接受度的诊疗策略。牙槽嵴保存技术随之成为临床关注的热点。临床试验也证实牙槽嵴保存技术能有效减缓拔牙术后牙槽嵴的吸收，达到维持牙槽嵴体积形态的目的。目前关于牙槽嵴保存的综述都集中在手术术式、材料应用以及相关程序的选择上。本综述针对非牙周炎患牙与牙周炎患牙牙槽嵴保存技术，从组织学和形态学的角度分析两者之间的差异，以期为临床上处理不同拔牙位点牙槽嵴保存提供思路。“,”With the popularization and application of implant technology and its good clinical effect, clinicians focus on exploring diagnosis and treatment strategies that can reduce the difficulty and risk of implant treatment, decrease the treatment complications of patients, and improve the surgical acceptance of patients. The technology of alveolar ridge preservation has become the focus of clinical attention. Clinical trials also confirmed that alveolar ridge preservation technology could effectively slow down the absorption of alveolar crest after tooth extraction, so as to maintain the alveolar crest volume shape. Most previous reviews about alveolar ridge preservation focused on surgical procedures, materials application and selection of related procedures. The effect of various causes of tooth extraction on alveolar ridge preservation has not been reviewed. In this review article, the differences between alveolar ridge preservation in non-periodontitis and periodontitis teeth were analyzed histologically and morphologically, so as to provide a decision-making strategies for clinical application of alveolar ridge preservation at various tooth extraction sites.