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目的探讨社会支持度对膀胱癌尿流改道腹壁造口患者术后生活质量的影响。方法选取2015年12月至2016年8月间天津医科大学第二医院收治的42例膀胱癌尿流改道腹壁造口患者为观察组,在常规护理基础上加强社会支持度。选取2015年3月至2015年11月间天津医科大学第二医院收治40例膀胱癌尿流改道腹壁造口患者为对照组,给予常规护理。比较两组患者出院后3个月的社会支持度及生活质量。结果观察组患者出院后3个月的主观支持、客观支持、支持利用度评分和社会支持度总分分别为(19.35±2.21)分、(9.54±1.23)分、(9.49±11.36)分和(37.22±4.36)分,高于对照组患者的(16.12±3.57)分、(7.25±1.56)分、(6.47±2.11)分和(31.86±5.85)分,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。观察组患者出院后3个月的生理状况、社会/家庭、情感状况、功能状况和生活质量总分等生活质量评分分别为(24.36±3.28)分、(26.45±3.75)分、(23.22±3.16)分、(23.25±3.47)分和(96.25±12.85)分,高于对照组患者的(20.44±6.29)分、(21.36±4.03)分、(19.47±3.09)分、(19.84±3.55)分和(81.25±0.89)分,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论加强社会支持度的护理不仅能增强膀胱癌尿流改道腹壁造口患者的社会支持度,而且可改善患者出院后的生活质量。
Objective To investigate the effect of social support on the postoperative quality of life of patients with bladder cancer undergoing urinary diversion via abdominal wall. Methods Forty-two cases of urinary tract diversion from January 2015 to August 2016 from the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University were selected as the observation group, and the social support was strengthened on the basis of routine nursing. Forty patients with urinary tract diversion from the abdominal wall of the stoma were enrolled as the control group from March 2015 to November 2015 in the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University and were given routine nursing care. The social support and quality of life of the two groups after 3 months of discharge were compared. Results The scores of subjective support, objective support, support utilization and social support in the observation group were (19.35 ± 2.21), (9.54 ± 1.23), (9.49 ± 11.36) and 37.22 ± 4.36), higher than that in the control group (16.12 ± 3.57), (7.25 ± 1.56), (6.47 ± 2.11) and (31.86 ± 5.85), respectively (all P < 0.05). The physical quality, social status, family status, emotional status, functional status and quality of life scores of the observation group were (24.36 ± 3.28), (26.45 ± 3.75), (23.22 ± 3.16) ), (23.25 ± 3.47) points and (96.25 ± 12.85) points higher than those in the control group (20.44 ± 6.29), (21.36 ± 4.03) points, (19.47 ± 3.09) points and (19.84 ± 3.55) points respectively And (81.25 ± 0.89) points, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusion Nursing with enhanced social support can not only enhance the social support of patients with bladder cancer undergoing urinary diversion through the abdominal wall, but also improve the quality of life after discharge.