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Visitors walk past a parterre with the Great Wall pattern at the Tiananmen Square in Beijing on August 12.
Flower decorations will be placed in late August to greet a military parade on September 3， which will be held in commemoration of the 70th anniversary of the Chinese People’s War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the World Anti-Fascist War.
Housing Subsidies
China plans to spend an additional 5 billion yuan （$782 million） on renovating substandard rural housing in earthquake-prone areas， the Ministry of Finance said on August 12.
The funds pledged came after a 31.5-billion-yuan （$4.92 billion） budget was dedicated to renovating dilapidated houses in rural areas， bringing the total subsidies to 36.5 billion yuan （$5.7 billion）， up from 23 billion yuan （$3.59 billion） last year.
The additional funds echoed calls from the State Council， China’s cabinet， to accelerate the renovation of rundown areas and dilapidated rural houses， especially those prone to earthquake damage.
The total spending will benefit 4.32 million rural families， including 1.26 million living in earthquake-prone areas， according to ministry sources. The standard subsidy stands at 7，500 yuan （$1，172） per household while worse-off families and households with efficient energy use will receive an additional 1，000 yuan （$156） and 2，500 yuan （$391）， respectively.
Better Monitoring
The Chinese Government has pledged to tighten the management of environment-monitoring agencies in a bid to ensure legitimate， transparent data.
Agencies engaged in environmental monitoring， both governmentaffiliated and non-governmental entities， must operate within the law， adhere to technical standards and be responsible for the authenticity and accuracy of their data， according to a document released by the State Council on August 12.
It warned that environmental authorities will impose harsh penalties on those who break rules or falsify data.
Regarding what has been described as “chaotic environmental information” released from different channels and by different standards， the document said that a national environment-monitoring network would be established by 2020 for the unified release of environmental data.
The Ministry of Environmental Protection has been authorized to look into local governments’ involvement in environmental monitoring to reduce interference. Some local officials have allegedly manipulated environmental data as pollution levels are linked to their performance reviews. HIV Reporting
National health and education authorities on August 10 required schools all over China to establish HIV/AIDS infection-reporting systems.
The National Health and Family Planning Commission and the Ministry of Education said in a joint circular that infections of the virus among young students have seen a marked rise in recent years， a sign of problems in education and students’ awareness about HIV/AIDS prevention.
They urged local health and education agencies to improve awareness campaigns at schools and called for the establishment of infectionreporting systems and regular consultation mechanisms to analyze the cause of infections and formulate countermeasures.
Students in secondary schools and above should attend special classes on HIV/AIDS prevention focused on prevention of unsafe behavior as well as sexual responsibility and morality， the circular said.
The circular also pledged financial support for volunteer services.
Utility Tunnels
China has unveiled a plan to construct a utility tunnel system by 2020 to achieve quality urban planning.
The tunnels will help solve problems of Chinese cities， such as “road zippers” and “overhead spider webs，”according to a set of guidelines issued by the State Council on August 10.
Road zippers refer to ditches that are often dug open for repairs and installation. Spider webs—webs of power lines and telecommunications cables spread overhead—are also familiar sights.
The tunnels will carry utility lines such as electricity， water， heating and sewer pipes as well as telecommunications and television cables， all collectively laid underground， said the guidelines.
The guidelines said that the underground utility corridors will not only improve city life， but will stimulate investment.
Organ Donation
The Chinese mainland recorded 1，479 voluntary organ donations as of August 3 this year， outperforming public expectations after the country banned harvesting organs from executed prisoners on January 1， said Huang Jiefu， former Vice Minister of Health.
Huang made the remarks on the sidelines of an organ transplant conference. He also revealed that a total of 4，066 organ transplants were carried out during the same period.
Currently about 30，000 Chinese patients need organ transplants， according to statistics from 169 hospitals qualified for the procedure. Huang expects that 2，500 people will voluntarily donate organs and more than 10，000 organ transplant operations will be carried out this year. China began a voluntary organ donation trial in 2010 and promoted the practice across the country in 2013. In 2014， China topped Asia in the number of organ donations. There were 1，700 donors giving more than 5，000 organs in 2014， exceeding the total number of the previous five years. In 2014， voluntary donations from Chinese citizens became the major source of transplant organs， accounting for 80 percent of all donated organs.
New Money
The People’s Bank of China （PBC）， the central bank， announced on August 9 that it would issue a new 100-yuan banknote from November 12.
The new banknote will be harder to counterfeit and easier for machines to read， according to a PBC statement. Its design will stay largely the same as the 2005 series but have enhanced security features.
Sports Party
The 10th Chinese Ethnic Games kick off in Ordos， Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region， on August 9.
More than 6，200 athletes from the country’s 56 ethnic groups competed or performed in nearly 200 Chinese traditional sport events in eight days.
With a 62-year history， the quadrennial games have been playing a key role in keeping China’s multiple traditional sports alive.
Buddhism Academy
The construction of an academy for Tibetan Buddhism started in Chengdu， southwest China’s Sichuan Province， on August 10.
The 116-million-yuan （$18.13 million） project was funded by the Sichuan Provincial Government and will cover an area of 7.73 hectares. It is expected to open next year.
The school will enroll 400 students， and their curriculum will include Buddhism classics， Tibetan culture， IT and policies， according to Li Xiaoxiang， an official with the academy. Students will study for three or four years.
Sichuan Province is home to 2.1 million Tibetans.
Exchange Rate Reform
The Chinese currency， the yuan， dropped sharply in value as China improved its exchange rate formulation system to better reflect the market.
China’s central bank tried to improve its central parity system to better reflect market developments in the exchange rate of the yuan against the U.S. dollar. Effective on August 11， daily central parity quotes reported to the China Foreign Exchange Trade System before the market opens should be based on the closing rate of the inter-bank foreign exchange rate market on the previous day， supply and demand in the market， and price movement of major currencies， the People’s Bank of China （PBC）， the country’s central bank， said.
The PBC cited a strong U.S. dollar and sharp appreciation in the yuan’s real effective exchange rate as key considerations underlying the policy change.
However， the move surprised the market and prompted the lowest valuation of the yuan since October 2012. Following the exchange rate policy change， the central parity rate of the yuan weakened sharply by 1，136 basis points， or nearly 2 percent， to 6.2298 against the U.S. dollar on August 11. The Chinese currency continued to fall in value， with its central parity rate weakening to 6.4010 against the U.S. dollar on August 13.
In response to the drastic exchange rate fluctuation， the PBC issued a statement on August 12， saying that the rate changes are normal， as it shows a more market-based system and the decisive role that the supply-demand relationship plays in determining the exchange rate.
“This may lead to potentially significant fluctuations in the short run but after a short period of adaptation the intra-day exchange rate movements and resulting central parity fluctuations will converge to within a reasonably stable zone，” read the PBC statement.
By making the exchange rate mechanism more market-oriented， some analysts have speculated that China is pushing for the inclusion of the currency in the Special Drawing Right（SDR） basket.
On August 12， the IMF welcomed China’s move and said a more marketoriented exchange rate would facilitate the SDR operation， should the yuan be included in the basket.
A New Pillar
Workers assemble a numerical control cutting machine in Xingtai， north China’s Hebei Province， on August 10.
Equipment manufacturing replaced the steel industry as the dominant industry in the province in the first half of the year.
Inflation Rate Quickens
China’s consumer price index （CPI）， a main gauge of inflation， rose to 1.6 percent in July， the highest level thus far seen in 2015， the National Bureau of Statistics （NBS） announced on August 9.
NBS statistician Yu Qiumei attributed the CPI hike mainly to higher pork prices. Costs for medical care， vegetables， housekeeping， tobacco and education also rose.
The government aims to keep its consumer inflation in and around 3 percent throughout 2015.
On the other hand， China’s producer prices continued to fall in July， pointing to a looming risk of deflation.
NBS data showed that the producer price index （PPI）， a measure of costs for goods at the factory gate， fell 5.4 percent year on year in July， the lowest level since the end of 2009 and marked the 41st straight month of decline.
NBS statistician Yu Qiumei attributed the PPI contraction mainly to dropping prices of industrial products and decreasing costs for oil and natural gas production. Foreign Trade Tumbles
China’s foreign trade dropped 7.2 percent year on year to $2.22 trillion in the first seven months of 2015， China Customs data showed on August 8.
From January to July， exports edged down by 0.8 percent from a year ago to$1.26 trillion， while imports slumped by 14.6 percent to $959.62 billion.
In July， foreign trade decreased by 8.2 percent from the same period last year to $347.17 billion， with exports declining by 8.3 percent to $195.1 billion and imports falling by 8.1 percent to$152.07 billion， data showed.
Qu Hongbin， Chief China Economist at HSBC， attributed the slump in export growth mainly to sluggish external demand， especially exports to the European Union （EU） and Japan.
China’s exports are expected to improve as the EU shows signs of growth and the state of U.S. employment and consumption improves， said Zhang Yansheng， an economist with the National Development and Reform Commission.
Growth prospects of imports may remain bleak as commodity prices are likely to stay low on global markets in the third and fourth quarters， Zhang added.
A Facelift
The oil depot in Nagqu County， Tibet Autonomous Region， the world’s highest-altitude oil depot， is under renovation， a project which started in April and is expected to be completed before November.
Financing Platforms
China’s securities regulator will soon begin inspecting online equity financing platforms to address risks brought about by illegal activities and to help the platforms better serve the real economy.
The China Securities Regulatory Commission （CSRC） will oversee several kinds of online platforms， including equity-based crowdfunding， which allows investors to attain a stake in a company funded by pooling money from many people via the Internet， said Deng Ge， spokesman for the CSRC， at a press conference on August 7.
The inspection aims to discover and correct illegal activities， minimize risks and lead platforms to perform better in serving the real economy， Deng said.
Some institutions are operating in the name of “equity-based crowdfunding，” while actually running nonpublic equity financing or private equity fundraising ventures， which do not fall within the scope of equity-based crowdfunding activities permitted under the guidelines on promoting the healthy development of Internet finance unveiled earlier in July， Deng said. Boosting Tourism
China will build more tourism infrastructure， including cruise ports and parks for recreational vehicles （RV）， and give employees more flexibility in ar- ranging vacation time in a bid to boost consumption.
Cruise ship tourism should be developed and 10 ports for cruise vessels will be built by 2020， according to a document released on August 11 by the State Council.
“Boosting investment and consumption for tourism is of great importance to improving quality of life and developing modern services，” said the document.
Greater efforts should be made to improve tourism facilities， and 57，000 clean toilets at tourist attractions will be built or renovated within three years.
Private capital is being encouraged to partner with government funding in building 1，000 parks for RV tourists and other independent travelers by 2020， and all important tourist attractions and tourist cities should be staffed with professionals providing tourism information by 2020， it added.
If conditions permit， more flexibility should be given to employees to help them take vacations using Friday afternoons， Saturdays and Sundays， said the State Council.
Slump Season for Auto
Chinese consumers bought the fewest passenger vehicles in 17 months in July， extending a slump in the world’s largest auto market as deeper discounts fail to revive demand.
Retail deliveries declined 2.5 percent to 1.3 million units， the lowest level since February 2014， according to the China Passenger Car Association. Sedan sales tumbled 14 percent， while sport utility vehicles deliveries climbed 39 percent.
Automakers are cutting production in China and warning of a looming price war as a slowing economy and government curbs on registration weigh down demand. Dealerships are offering incentives on an unprecedented scale to move cars off their parking lots， according to the China Automobile Dealers Association.
Discounts of at least 30 percent are being offered in major cities on hundreds of models， according to Autohome， a popular car-pricing portal.
Flower decorations will be placed in late August to greet a military parade on September 3， which will be held in commemoration of the 70th anniversary of the Chinese People’s War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the World Anti-Fascist War.
Housing Subsidies
China plans to spend an additional 5 billion yuan （$782 million） on renovating substandard rural housing in earthquake-prone areas， the Ministry of Finance said on August 12.
The funds pledged came after a 31.5-billion-yuan （$4.92 billion） budget was dedicated to renovating dilapidated houses in rural areas， bringing the total subsidies to 36.5 billion yuan （$5.7 billion）， up from 23 billion yuan （$3.59 billion） last year.
The additional funds echoed calls from the State Council， China’s cabinet， to accelerate the renovation of rundown areas and dilapidated rural houses， especially those prone to earthquake damage.
The total spending will benefit 4.32 million rural families， including 1.26 million living in earthquake-prone areas， according to ministry sources. The standard subsidy stands at 7，500 yuan （$1，172） per household while worse-off families and households with efficient energy use will receive an additional 1，000 yuan （$156） and 2，500 yuan （$391）， respectively.
Better Monitoring
The Chinese Government has pledged to tighten the management of environment-monitoring agencies in a bid to ensure legitimate， transparent data.
Agencies engaged in environmental monitoring， both governmentaffiliated and non-governmental entities， must operate within the law， adhere to technical standards and be responsible for the authenticity and accuracy of their data， according to a document released by the State Council on August 12.
It warned that environmental authorities will impose harsh penalties on those who break rules or falsify data.
Regarding what has been described as “chaotic environmental information” released from different channels and by different standards， the document said that a national environment-monitoring network would be established by 2020 for the unified release of environmental data.
The Ministry of Environmental Protection has been authorized to look into local governments’ involvement in environmental monitoring to reduce interference. Some local officials have allegedly manipulated environmental data as pollution levels are linked to their performance reviews. HIV Reporting
National health and education authorities on August 10 required schools all over China to establish HIV/AIDS infection-reporting systems.
The National Health and Family Planning Commission and the Ministry of Education said in a joint circular that infections of the virus among young students have seen a marked rise in recent years， a sign of problems in education and students’ awareness about HIV/AIDS prevention.
They urged local health and education agencies to improve awareness campaigns at schools and called for the establishment of infectionreporting systems and regular consultation mechanisms to analyze the cause of infections and formulate countermeasures.
Students in secondary schools and above should attend special classes on HIV/AIDS prevention focused on prevention of unsafe behavior as well as sexual responsibility and morality， the circular said.
The circular also pledged financial support for volunteer services.
Utility Tunnels
China has unveiled a plan to construct a utility tunnel system by 2020 to achieve quality urban planning.
The tunnels will help solve problems of Chinese cities， such as “road zippers” and “overhead spider webs，”according to a set of guidelines issued by the State Council on August 10.
Road zippers refer to ditches that are often dug open for repairs and installation. Spider webs—webs of power lines and telecommunications cables spread overhead—are also familiar sights.
The tunnels will carry utility lines such as electricity， water， heating and sewer pipes as well as telecommunications and television cables， all collectively laid underground， said the guidelines.
The guidelines said that the underground utility corridors will not only improve city life， but will stimulate investment.
Organ Donation
The Chinese mainland recorded 1，479 voluntary organ donations as of August 3 this year， outperforming public expectations after the country banned harvesting organs from executed prisoners on January 1， said Huang Jiefu， former Vice Minister of Health.
Huang made the remarks on the sidelines of an organ transplant conference. He also revealed that a total of 4，066 organ transplants were carried out during the same period.
Currently about 30，000 Chinese patients need organ transplants， according to statistics from 169 hospitals qualified for the procedure. Huang expects that 2，500 people will voluntarily donate organs and more than 10，000 organ transplant operations will be carried out this year. China began a voluntary organ donation trial in 2010 and promoted the practice across the country in 2013. In 2014， China topped Asia in the number of organ donations. There were 1，700 donors giving more than 5，000 organs in 2014， exceeding the total number of the previous five years. In 2014， voluntary donations from Chinese citizens became the major source of transplant organs， accounting for 80 percent of all donated organs.
New Money
The People’s Bank of China （PBC）， the central bank， announced on August 9 that it would issue a new 100-yuan banknote from November 12.
The new banknote will be harder to counterfeit and easier for machines to read， according to a PBC statement. Its design will stay largely the same as the 2005 series but have enhanced security features.
Sports Party
The 10th Chinese Ethnic Games kick off in Ordos， Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region， on August 9.
More than 6，200 athletes from the country’s 56 ethnic groups competed or performed in nearly 200 Chinese traditional sport events in eight days.
With a 62-year history， the quadrennial games have been playing a key role in keeping China’s multiple traditional sports alive.
Buddhism Academy
The construction of an academy for Tibetan Buddhism started in Chengdu， southwest China’s Sichuan Province， on August 10.
The 116-million-yuan （$18.13 million） project was funded by the Sichuan Provincial Government and will cover an area of 7.73 hectares. It is expected to open next year.
The school will enroll 400 students， and their curriculum will include Buddhism classics， Tibetan culture， IT and policies， according to Li Xiaoxiang， an official with the academy. Students will study for three or four years.
Sichuan Province is home to 2.1 million Tibetans.
Exchange Rate Reform
The Chinese currency， the yuan， dropped sharply in value as China improved its exchange rate formulation system to better reflect the market.
China’s central bank tried to improve its central parity system to better reflect market developments in the exchange rate of the yuan against the U.S. dollar. Effective on August 11， daily central parity quotes reported to the China Foreign Exchange Trade System before the market opens should be based on the closing rate of the inter-bank foreign exchange rate market on the previous day， supply and demand in the market， and price movement of major currencies， the People’s Bank of China （PBC）， the country’s central bank， said.
The PBC cited a strong U.S. dollar and sharp appreciation in the yuan’s real effective exchange rate as key considerations underlying the policy change.
However， the move surprised the market and prompted the lowest valuation of the yuan since October 2012. Following the exchange rate policy change， the central parity rate of the yuan weakened sharply by 1，136 basis points， or nearly 2 percent， to 6.2298 against the U.S. dollar on August 11. The Chinese currency continued to fall in value， with its central parity rate weakening to 6.4010 against the U.S. dollar on August 13.
In response to the drastic exchange rate fluctuation， the PBC issued a statement on August 12， saying that the rate changes are normal， as it shows a more market-based system and the decisive role that the supply-demand relationship plays in determining the exchange rate.
“This may lead to potentially significant fluctuations in the short run but after a short period of adaptation the intra-day exchange rate movements and resulting central parity fluctuations will converge to within a reasonably stable zone，” read the PBC statement.
By making the exchange rate mechanism more market-oriented， some analysts have speculated that China is pushing for the inclusion of the currency in the Special Drawing Right（SDR） basket.
On August 12， the IMF welcomed China’s move and said a more marketoriented exchange rate would facilitate the SDR operation， should the yuan be included in the basket.
A New Pillar
Workers assemble a numerical control cutting machine in Xingtai， north China’s Hebei Province， on August 10.
Equipment manufacturing replaced the steel industry as the dominant industry in the province in the first half of the year.
Inflation Rate Quickens
China’s consumer price index （CPI）， a main gauge of inflation， rose to 1.6 percent in July， the highest level thus far seen in 2015， the National Bureau of Statistics （NBS） announced on August 9.
NBS statistician Yu Qiumei attributed the CPI hike mainly to higher pork prices. Costs for medical care， vegetables， housekeeping， tobacco and education also rose.
The government aims to keep its consumer inflation in and around 3 percent throughout 2015.
On the other hand， China’s producer prices continued to fall in July， pointing to a looming risk of deflation.
NBS data showed that the producer price index （PPI）， a measure of costs for goods at the factory gate， fell 5.4 percent year on year in July， the lowest level since the end of 2009 and marked the 41st straight month of decline.
NBS statistician Yu Qiumei attributed the PPI contraction mainly to dropping prices of industrial products and decreasing costs for oil and natural gas production. Foreign Trade Tumbles
China’s foreign trade dropped 7.2 percent year on year to $2.22 trillion in the first seven months of 2015， China Customs data showed on August 8.
From January to July， exports edged down by 0.8 percent from a year ago to$1.26 trillion， while imports slumped by 14.6 percent to $959.62 billion.
In July， foreign trade decreased by 8.2 percent from the same period last year to $347.17 billion， with exports declining by 8.3 percent to $195.1 billion and imports falling by 8.1 percent to$152.07 billion， data showed.
Qu Hongbin， Chief China Economist at HSBC， attributed the slump in export growth mainly to sluggish external demand， especially exports to the European Union （EU） and Japan.
China’s exports are expected to improve as the EU shows signs of growth and the state of U.S. employment and consumption improves， said Zhang Yansheng， an economist with the National Development and Reform Commission.
Growth prospects of imports may remain bleak as commodity prices are likely to stay low on global markets in the third and fourth quarters， Zhang added.
A Facelift
The oil depot in Nagqu County， Tibet Autonomous Region， the world’s highest-altitude oil depot， is under renovation， a project which started in April and is expected to be completed before November.
Financing Platforms
China’s securities regulator will soon begin inspecting online equity financing platforms to address risks brought about by illegal activities and to help the platforms better serve the real economy.
The China Securities Regulatory Commission （CSRC） will oversee several kinds of online platforms， including equity-based crowdfunding， which allows investors to attain a stake in a company funded by pooling money from many people via the Internet， said Deng Ge， spokesman for the CSRC， at a press conference on August 7.
The inspection aims to discover and correct illegal activities， minimize risks and lead platforms to perform better in serving the real economy， Deng said.
Some institutions are operating in the name of “equity-based crowdfunding，” while actually running nonpublic equity financing or private equity fundraising ventures， which do not fall within the scope of equity-based crowdfunding activities permitted under the guidelines on promoting the healthy development of Internet finance unveiled earlier in July， Deng said. Boosting Tourism
China will build more tourism infrastructure， including cruise ports and parks for recreational vehicles （RV）， and give employees more flexibility in ar- ranging vacation time in a bid to boost consumption.
Cruise ship tourism should be developed and 10 ports for cruise vessels will be built by 2020， according to a document released on August 11 by the State Council.
“Boosting investment and consumption for tourism is of great importance to improving quality of life and developing modern services，” said the document.
Greater efforts should be made to improve tourism facilities， and 57，000 clean toilets at tourist attractions will be built or renovated within three years.
Private capital is being encouraged to partner with government funding in building 1，000 parks for RV tourists and other independent travelers by 2020， and all important tourist attractions and tourist cities should be staffed with professionals providing tourism information by 2020， it added.
If conditions permit， more flexibility should be given to employees to help them take vacations using Friday afternoons， Saturdays and Sundays， said the State Council.
Slump Season for Auto
Chinese consumers bought the fewest passenger vehicles in 17 months in July， extending a slump in the world’s largest auto market as deeper discounts fail to revive demand.
Retail deliveries declined 2.5 percent to 1.3 million units， the lowest level since February 2014， according to the China Passenger Car Association. Sedan sales tumbled 14 percent， while sport utility vehicles deliveries climbed 39 percent.
Automakers are cutting production in China and warning of a looming price war as a slowing economy and government curbs on registration weigh down demand. Dealerships are offering incentives on an unprecedented scale to move cars off their parking lots， according to the China Automobile Dealers Association.
Discounts of at least 30 percent are being offered in major cities on hundreds of models， according to Autohome， a popular car-pricing portal.